Tomcat8.5 and Openjdk11 NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil

Question

I am migrating a Java Application to OpenJDK11 which is running on Tomcat 8.5. Application and tomcat starts withount any problem. With JDK1.8 I don't have any exception or error But when calling application with another Webservice and running tomcat with OpenJDK11 I get following error:

02-Apr-2019 13:27:07.225 SEVERE [http-nio-0.0.0.0-9000-exec-8] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [CXFServlet] in context with path [/ApplicationName] threw exception [Servlet execution threw an exception] with root cause
 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil
        at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.AttachmentInInterceptor.handleMessage(AttachmentInInterceptor.java:55)
        at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:308)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.ChainInitiationObserver.onMessage(ChainInitiationObserver.java:121)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.http.AbstractHTTPDestination.invoke(AbstractHTTPDestination.java:267)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invokeDestination(ServletController.java:234)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:208)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:160)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFNonSpringServlet.invoke(CXFNonSpringServlet.java:216)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.handleRequest(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:301)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.doPost(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:220)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:661)
        at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.service(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:276)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
        at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:613)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:650)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
        at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
        at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

When I open Eclipse workspace for this application I can also open and see AttachmentUtil class. This class is in jar 'cxf-core-3.3.1' included which depends on ' org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws:jar:3.3.1:'

This is my mvn dependeny tree:

 --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ XmlBeans ---
 de.somename.rail.sresb.entireXComServer:XmlBeans:jar:2.12.1
 +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  +- xml-resolver:xml-resolver:jar:1.2:compile
 |  +- org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:7.0:compile
 |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  |  +- com.fasterxml.woodstox:woodstox-core:jar:5.0.3:compile
 |  |  +- org.apache.ws.xmlschema:xmlschema-core:jar:2.2.4:compile
 |  |  +- org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-xjc:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |  |  +- org.glassfish.jaxb:xsom:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |  |  +- org.glassfish.jaxb:codemodel:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |  |  +- com.sun.xml.bind.external:rngom:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |  |  +- com.sun.xml.dtd-parser:dtd-parser:jar:1.4.1:compile
 |  |  |  +- com.sun.istack:istack-commons-tools:jar:3.0.8:compile
 |  |  |  |  \- org.apache.ant:ant:jar:1.10.5:compile
 |  |  |  |     \- org.apache.ant:ant-launcher:jar:1.10.5:compile
 |  |  |  \- com.sun.xml.bind.external:relaxng-datatype:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |  \- jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:jar:2.3.2:compile
 |  |     \- jakarta.activation:jakarta.activation-api:jar:1.2.1:compile
 |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-bindings-soap:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-wsdl:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  |  |  \- wsdl4j:wsdl4j:jar:1.6.3:compile
 |  |  \- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-databinding-jaxb:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-bindings-xml:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-simple:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-ws-addr:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  |  \- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-ws-policy:jar:3.3.1:compile
 |  |     \- org.apache.neethi:neethi:jar:3.1.1:compile
 |  +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.1:compile
 |  +- com.sun.activation:javax.activation:jar:1.2.0:compile
 |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-ws-metadata_2.0_spec:jar:1.1.3:compile
 |  +- com.sun.xml.messaging.saaj:saaj-impl:jar:1.4.0-b03:compile
 |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-jta_1.1_spec:jar:1.1.1:compile
 |  \- org.jboss.spec.javax.rmi:jboss-rmi-api_1.0_spec:jar:1.0.6.Final:compile
 +- javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:jar:2.3.0:compile
 +- org.glassfish.main.javaee-api:javax.jws:jar:3.1.2.2:compile
 +- javax.xml.ws:jaxws-api:jar:2.3.1:compile
 |  \- javax.xml.soap:javax.xml.soap-api:jar:1.4.0:compile
 +- javax.activation:javax.activation-api:jar:1.2.0:compile
 +- org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-runtime:jar:2.3.1:compile
 |  +- org.glassfish.jaxb:txw2:jar:2.3.1:compile
 |  +- com.sun.istack:istack-commons-runtime:jar:3.0.7:compile
 |  +- org.jvnet.staxex:stax-ex:jar:1.8:compile
 |  \- com.sun.xml.fastinfoset:FastInfoset:jar:1.2.15:compile
 +- com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-core:jar:2.3.0:compile
 +- com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:jar:2.3.0:compile
 +- com.sun.xml.ws:rt:jar:2.3.0:compile
 |  +- com.sun.xml.ws:policy:jar:2.7.2:compile
 |  +- org.glassfish.gmbal:gmbal-api-only:jar:3.1.0-b001:compile
 |  |  \- org.glassfish.external:management-api:jar:3.0.0-b012:compile
 |  +- com.sun.xml.stream.buffer:streambuffer:jar:1.5.4:compile
 |  +- org.jvnet.mimepull:mimepull:jar:1.9.7:compile
 |  +- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:jar:4.4.1:compile
 |  +- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:jar:3.1.4:compile
 |  +- com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal:resolver:jar:20050927:compile
 |  \- javax.jws:jsr181-api:jar:1.0-MR1:compile
 \- com.sun.xml.ws:jaxws-rt:jar:2.3.0:compile

Any useful hints are appreciated. Thx in advance.

ugurkocak1980 · Answer 1 · 2019-04-03T08:59:51.170

Solved this problem after a lean period. Added some missing CXF and Java EE dependencies in pom's of 2 package modules.

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
   <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
   <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.activation</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.activation</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-core</artifactId>
    <version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.ws</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxws-rt</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.0</version>    
</dependency>

I guess this hell waits for some people out there :( But if you want to have a much smoother life, just use the [cxf-spring-boot-starter](https://github.com/codecentric/cxf-spring-boot-starter) which provides all those dependencies for you - and brings in so many more features, incl. full support for newer JDKs, generation of all JAX-WS classes out-of-the-box and much more. But thanks for documenting, [we had similar problems](https://github.com/codecentric/cxf-spring-boot-starter/issues/52)... — jonashackt, Aug 30 '19 at 11:50

score 2 · Answer 2 · answered Apr 02 '19 at 14:22

2

NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil means that JVM failed to initialize the AttachmentUtil class.

Apache CXF 3.3.X should support JDK 11 as per FAQ. You want to debug the startup with exception breakpoint on the NoClassDefFoundError exception and see what was the root cause. It looks likely a static field or block failed to run when loading AttachmentUtil class but the root cause was surpressed.

answered Apr 02 '19 at 14:22

Karol Dowbecki

43,645
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thank you Karol. But why does it work with JDK 8? I don't have any problem with this Java version – ugurkocak1980 Apr 02 '19 at 14:25
You won't know until you debug the `AttachmentUtil` class loading on Java 11. – Karol Dowbecki Apr 02 '19 at 14:26
Ok but I develop on Windows and this application is ony runnable on Linux Suse. I am not able to debug it locally – ugurkocak1980 Apr 02 '19 at 14:37
I'll try this in maven pom: 8 8 – ugurkocak1980 Apr 02 '19 at 14:37
now I got another NoClassDefFoundError: com/sun/activation/registries/LogSupport – ugurkocak1980 Apr 02 '19 at 15:31
`com/sun/activation/registries/LogSupport` is one of the classes that is no longer available after Java 9 project Jigsaw modularized the JVM. `com.sun.*` classes were not supposed to be used in user code and are only available pre Java 9. – Karol Dowbecki Apr 02 '19 at 15:33
I'm not sure that will run anytime. – ugurkocak1980 Apr 02 '19 at 17:07

score 1 · Accepted Answer · answered Apr 03 '19 at 06:32

I had right the same problem. Adding this dependency helped so far:

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

The application works, but I now recieve this warning:

java.lang.IllegalAccessException: class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteBufferUtils cannot access class jdk.internal.ref.Cleaner (in module java.base) because module java.base does not export jdk.internal.ref to unnamed module @5ce81285

Tomcat8.5 and Openjdk11 NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil

3 Answers3