"React has detected a change in the order of Hooks" but Hooks seem to be invoked in order

Question

I am trying to use Context and Reducers via React's hooks, and running into problems with the order of the hooks not being constant. My understanding was that as long as the order of the useHook(…) remained the same, it was fine to invoke the returned state/update function/reducer in any sort of control flow. Otherwise, I'm invoking the hooks at the very beginning of the FunctionComponents.

Is it that I'm generating Days in a loop? Or missing something else?

Warning: React has detected a change in the order of Hooks
called by Container. This will lead to bugs and errors if not fixed. For
more information, read the Rules of Hooks:
https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-rules.html

   Previous render            Next render
   ------------------------------------------------------
1. useContext                 useContext
2. undefined                  useRef
   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The full version of Container is below. An excerpt from Day is below, and has a ref from react-dnd's useDrop.

export const Container: FunctionComponent<Props> = () => {
  let events = useContext(State.StateContext)
  //let events: Array<Event.Event> = [] <- with this, no warning

  const getDaysEvents = (day: Event.Time, events: Array<Event.Event>) => {
    return events.map(e => {
      const isTodays = e.startTime.hasSame(day, "day")
      return isTodays && Event.Event({ dayHeight, event: e })
    })
  }

  let days = []
  for (let i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
    const day = DateTime.today().plus({ days: i })
    days.push(
      <Day key={day.toISO()} height={dayHeight} date={day}>
        {getDaysEvents(day, events)}
      </Day>
    )
  }
  return <div className="Container">{days}</div>
}

An excerpt from Day (Event similarly uses a useDrag hook, also called at the top level just like here).

const Day: FunctionComponent<DayProps> = ({ date, height, children }) => {
  const dispatch = useContext(State.DispatchContext)
  const [{ isOver, offset }, dropRef] = useDrop({
    // …uses the dispatch function within…
    // …
  })
  // …
}

Answer 1

I ran into this same error message in a component I was writing due to use of short-circuiting logic.

This resulted in an error:

const x = useSelector(state => state.foo);
if (!x) { return ; }
const y = useSelector(state => state.bar);

This is because when x is truthy the list of hooks has length 2, but when x is falsey the list has length 1.

To resolve the error I had to put all hook use before any early terminations.

const x = useSelector(state => state.foo);
const y = useSelector(state => state.bar);
if (!x) { return ; }

Answer 2

Writing my comment as an answer:

The problem is that you're calling Event.Event() directly, even though it is a react component. That causes react to treat the hook calls inside the function as part of Container, even though you meant for them to be part of Event.

The solution is to use JSX:

return isTodays && <Event.Event dayHeight={dayHeight} event={e} />

Why this works is clearer when you replace the JSX with the resulting JS code:

return isTodays && React.createElement(Event.Event, { dayHeight, event: e })

See https://reactjs.org/docs/react-api.html#createelement. You never want to call the function components directly, how react works is that you always hand a reference the component to react and let it call the function at the correct time.

Answer 3

For other reason instead of this question, when you receive this error

It actually happens because of any bad practice for hook implementations

1 - Only Call Hooks at the Top Level

Don’t call Hooks inside loops, conditions, or nested functions. Instead, always use Hooks at the top level of your React function

NOTE: Implement your useState hooks first at top of the function

2 - Only Call Hooks from React Functions

Don’t call Hooks from regular JavaScript functions

3 - Getting Error during Test

If you get This Error when testing the component, be careful to where you set your custom hooks (replace to top of the function)

Best Practice

use eslint for lint your code avoid geting React Hooks Rules errors

install package with npm or yarn

npm install eslint-plugin-react-hooks --save-dev

Answer 4

calling multiple api calls from useEffect

in my case i was doing multiple api calls and saving each of them to different state, which led me to this error. But after changing it into a single state i was able to overcome that.

const [resp, setGitData] = useState({ data: null, repos: null });

  useEffect(() => {
    const fetchData = async () => {
      const respGlobal = await axios(
        `https://api.github.com/users/${username}`
      );
      const respRepos = await axios(
        `https://api.github.com/users/${username}/repos`
      );

      setGitData({ data: respGlobal.data, repos: respGlobal.data });
    };

    fetchData();
  }, []);

Answer 5

It is not the question scenario, but it is the error itself, hopefully, it will help somebody :)

  const { chatSession, userBelongsToSession } = useChatSession(session_id)
  const { activeSession, setActiveSession } = useActiveChatSession()

  const isCurrentActiveSession = useMemo(() => activeSession != null && activeSession.session_id === session_id, [activeSession, session_id])

  if (chatSession == null || activeSession == null) {
    return (<div></div>)
  }

  const Container = styled(BorderedContainer)`height: 72px; cursor: pointer;`

The same error happens to me in this piece of code and is related to useRef being called by styled-components and not being called before because of conditional rendering

if (chatSession == null || activeSession == null) {
  return (<div></div>)
}

by default, the hooks will return null and my component will render with no useRef, although when the hooks are actually populated, styled-components will then generate a component with useRef.

  if (chatSession == null || activeSession == null) {
    return (<div></div>)
  }

const Container = styled(BorderedContainer)`height: 72px; cursor: pointer;

Answer 6

I was getting this error randomly while calling different hook methods in the test I was writing. The fix for me was in the spy of useRef I had implemented:

const useRefSpy = jest
  .spyOn(React, 'useRef')
  .mockReturnValueOnce({ whatever })

Changing the mockReturnValueOnce to mockReturnValue fixed the error.

Answer 7

I know I'm very late, but just wanted to share my experience on the same error stack.

It happened for me for the combination of tanstack's useQuery 4 and useEffect in ReactJS 17.

One beautiful discussion here.

Stacktrace:

react_devtools_backend.js:4026 Warning: React has detected a change in the order of Hooks called by Applicants. This will lead to bugs and errors if not fixed. For more information, read the Rules of Hooks: https://reactjs.org/link/rules-of-hooks

   Previous render            Next render
   ------------------------------------------------------
1. useContext                 useContext
2. useContext                 useContext
3. useState                   useState
4. useRef                     useRef
5. useEffect                  useEffect
6. useRef                     useRef
7. useEffect                  useEffect
8. useContext                 useContext
9. useState                   useState
10. useRef                    useRef
11. useEffect                 useEffect
12. useRef                    useRef
13. useEffect                 useEffect
14. useState                  useState
15. useState                  useState
16. useState                  useState
17. useState                  useState
18. useState                  useState
19. useState                  useState
20. useContext                useContext
21. useContext                useContext
22. useContext                useContext
23. useContext                useContext
24. useEffect                 useEffect
25. useState                  useState
26. useCallback               useCallback
27. useState                  useState
28. useLayoutEffect           useLayoutEffect
29. useEffect                 useEffect
30. useDebugValue             useDebugValue
31. useEffect                 useEffect
32. undefined                 useEffect
   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

So it were happening, due to I were using the useEffect after the useQuery api callback line, which I resolved by putting the useEffect before the useQuery line, and all warning stack trace got solved.

Hope it would help someone.

Answer 8

I got the same issue in the react-native application as well. It has happened due to the unnecessary elements loading process.

old code

return (......
     <NotificationDialog
          show={notificationPayload !== null}
          title={notificationPayload?.title}
          .......
        />
);

This will re-render NotificationDialog even notificationPayload !== null. But it is not needed. Simply I added this null check and avoid render this NotificationDialog if it is null

fix

  return (......
         { notificationPayload !== null? <NotificationDialog
              show={notificationPayload !== null}
              title={notificationPayload?.title}
              .......
            /> : null } 
    );

Answer 9

i fixed my issue by using an imported component as a component and not as a function, i had to return jsx (<>{values}</>) instead of just values because i had to import redux's useSelector inside ConvertDate, apparently it doesn't work with useSelector if it's just a function. I could've just use a function and pass the date and the redux's state as props though...

what i had:

<b>{ConvertDate({ date: post.dateTime })}</b>

and how i fixed it:

<b>{<ConvertDate date={post.dateTime} />}</b>

Answer 10

use eslint-plugin-react-hooks as it will help you easily identify the rootcause in your component code.

React documentation here: https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-rules.html#eslint-plugin