So as apostolov said, to make your checkbox look like a radio button you can simply setting the checkbox style like so
<CheckBox style="@android:style/Widget.CompoundButton.RadioButton" />
But if like me you want the accent color of your radio button to be different from that of your app's theme. You may want to take the following approach:
set the following attributes on your checkbox:
<CheckBox
android:button="?android:attr/listChoiceIndicatorSingle"
android:theme="@style/RadioButtonPink"
/>
The first attribute gives your checkbox the android radio button look, the second theme attribute is to customize the button's accent and normal colors. Inside your styles.xml file define the theme you want to use as so:
<style name="RadioButtonPink">
<item name="colorAccent">@color/pink</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">@color/grey</item>
<item name="colorControlActivated">@color/grey</item>
</style>
In my case I wanted a pink accent color for when the button is selected and grey otherwise.