After upgrade your OS and/or your Xcode.
When you run
$ carthage update --platform iOS --no-use-binaries
you would get an output like:
Fetching FooLibrary
A shell task (/usr/bin/env git fetch --prune --quiet https://github.com/foodeveloper/FooLibrary.git refs/tags/:refs/tags/ +refs/heads/:refs/heads/ (launched in /Users/yourUser/Library/Caches/foo.package/dependencies/FooLibrary)) failed with exit code 1