You have some choices here...
You can ask the debugger to stop on uncaught exceptions.
i.e.: open the debug perspective then choose in the menu: Pydev > manage exception breakpoints, select BaseException
and then select to suspend on uncaught exceptions (so, when you have some unhandled exception if you're running in the debugger it'll pause).
Still, in this case you have to be running in the debugger for it to stop... if you want to do a regular run (i.e.: started without the debugger), you can do the try..except
as you linked in Starting python debugger automatically on error but for the except clause use a pydevd programmatic breakpoint.
Note: for that you can do a code-completion on pydevd
in the editor
-- it should expand to something as:
import sys;sys.path.append(r'<path to pydevd src>')
import pydevd;pydevd.settrace()
-- see: http://www.pydev.org/manual_adv_remote_debugger.html for details on the remote debugger.
In this case, make sure that you always start the remote debugger to listen for the connection too (open the preferences > PyDev > Debug > Remote debugger server activation > Keep always on).