Is this a violation of 1NF? Are those repeating groups?
+--------+----------+--------------+-------------+
| ItemId | ItemName | ItemCategory | Department |
+--------+----------+--------------+-------------+
| 1 | Keyboard | Hardware | Monaco |
| 1 | Keyboard | Hardware | Switzerland |
| 2 | License | Software | USA |
| 2 | License | Software | Russia |
| 3 | Arduino | Hardware | Russia |
+--------+----------+--------------+-------------+
And, how about this?
+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
| ItemId | ItemName | ItemCategory | DepartmentId | DepartmentLocation |
+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
| 1 | Keyboard | Hardware | 1 | Monaco |
| 1 | Keyboard | Hardware | 2 | USA |
| 2 | License | Software | 3 | Switzerland |
| 2 | License | Software | 4 | Russia |
| 3 | Arduino | Hardware | 4 | Russia |
+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
I did not understand it from this answer: Normalization: What does "repeating groups" mean?