Compiling .asm and .c files gives "i386 incompatibility" problem when trying to link objective files

Asked Mar 25 '20 at 18:31

Active Mar 25 '20 at 18:43

Viewed 19 times

I'm trying to accomplish an exercise, which goal is to print a message without C standard library, using own nasm code instead. I've successfully compiled two .asm and one .c file with following commands

nasm -f elf start.asm
nasm -f elf calls.asm
gcc -Wall -c greet.c

all good, but when I try to link all of the objective files with

ld start.o calls.o greet.o -o greet

it says

ld: i386 architecture of input file 'start.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file 'calls.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output

I've tried using following command instead

ld -m elf_i386 start.o calls.o greet.o -o greet

but no good

ld: i386:x86-64 architecture of input file 'greet.o' is incompatible with i386 output

Please help. I'm using Ubuntu 19.10 (Virtual Machine), NASM ver. 2.14.02, GCC ver. 9.2.1 20191008.

edited Mar 25 '20 at 18:43

Weather Vane

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asked Mar 25 '20 at 18:31

You need to compile `greet.c` with `-m32`. – fuz Mar 25 '20 at 18:44
What's the output of `file *.o` in that directory? – Andrew Henle Mar 25 '20 at 18:44
@fuz, thank you! That worked! – Mar 25 '20 at 18:47
@AndrewHenle, it was ELF 64-bit relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped. After I added -m32 it changed to ELF 32-bit – Mar 25 '20 at 18:51
@ftl87 Note that if you link through `ld` instead of `gcc`, you must not call any libc functions and the entry point of your program is `_start` instead of `main`. – fuz Mar 25 '20 at 18:53
@fuz, got it, thank you! – Mar 25 '20 at 19:00

Compiling .asm and .c files gives "i386 incompatibility" problem when trying to link objective files

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