I prefer to use matplotlib's direct function rather than using any other library's implementation of it like Pandas, as sometimes they don't function right (in case of twinx() for date axis for example). So I'd write your code like the following:
Import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.bar(dataset['Patient_Age_Grp'], dataset['Claim_amount'],
color = ['orange' if 20=>i>=0 else 'red' if i>=60 else 'yellow' for i in dataset['Patient_Age_Grp']]
)
ax.set_xlabel('Age')
ax.set_ylabel('claimed amount')
plt.show()
(P.S. Idk if those spaces in your code were because of your phone's autocorrection or not, just be wary of it)