You can use ADO to create the query, and then list all parameters the query expects:
ADODB.Connection conn = new ADODB.Connection();
conn.Open("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:\\Path\\To\\db.accdb");
ADODB.Command cmd = new ADODB.Command
{
CommandText = "SELECT * FROM tblUsers WHERE username = bob",
//Oops, forgot to quote the username, results in No value given for parameter error
ActiveConnection = conn
};
foreach(ADODB.Parameter param in cmd.Parameters)
{
Console.WriteLine(param.Name); //bob
}
Console.ReadLine();
This requires a reference to ADO, which can be entered through the COM references.
You could also use late binding to prevent the extra reference, which might be desirable if you only use this as debug code but want it in your project, see this Q&A.
Since OLEDB doesn't support named parameters, you unfortunately can't use OLEDB for this afaik.
Of course, you can rewrite this to a function that takes a query string and returns expected parameters as a string, and then use that function in the immediate window when debugging.