get last known location in Android with GPS off

Question

I am using LocationManager to get the last known location. I found out that it returns null unless the GPS is turned on.

here is my code

mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
        List<String> providers = mLocationManager.getProviders(true);
        Location bestLocation = null;
        for (String provider : providers) {
            @SuppressLint("MissingPermission") Location l = mLocationManager.getLastKnownLocation(provider);
            if (l == null) {
                continue;
            }
            if (bestLocation == null || l.getAccuracy() < bestLocation.getAccuracy()) {
                // Found best last known location: %s", l);
                bestLocation = l;
            }
        }

is there any way to get last known location without needing to turn GPS on?