I want to plot multiple values in a same ggplot

Question

i'm trying to plot multiple variables in the same ggplot and i want to change the color of the line based on the year. This is what i have so far but i want it to be easier to understand so im trying to do it:

ggplot(data = larceny_cases_districts, aes(x = Year, y = Cases))+
    geom_line(color = "#d62f53", size = 2 )+
    geom_point(shape = 21, color = "black", fill = "black", size = 6)+
    geom_text(aes(label = Cases), hjust=-1,vjust=0.1, color="#ff0000")+
    theme_ipsum()+
    ggtitle("Larceny Crimes in 2015-2018")

This is how my dataframe is set right now:

  larceny_cases_districts
  Year Cases
1 2015  2895
2 2016  4561
3 2017  4450
4 2018  2982

But i want it to look a bit like this so i can use colour = var_value to make multiple lines on geom_line() but i cant find a way to make this viable:

 larceny_cases_districts
              District 2015  2016  2017  2018
            1 A1      value value value value
            2 D4    value value value value
            3 B2    value value value value

My goal is to make a plot that has 3 lines and each one is the value of each year for each district

output of dput(head(larceny_cases_districts, 20)):

structure(list(District = c("A1", "D4", "B2"), `2015` = c(10L, 
    6L, 1L), `2016` = c(13L, 8L, 8L), `2017` = c(10L, 2L, 6L), `2018` = c(13L, 
    2L, 3L)), row.names = c("1", "2", "3"), class = "data.frame")

Rui Barradas · Accepted Answer · 2020-10-02T19:46:54.097

2

This type of problems generaly has to do with reshaping the data. The format should be the long format and the data is in wide format. See this post on how to reshape the data from wide to long format.

If the original data already is in long format, there is no need for the dplyr/tidyr pipe prior to the plotting instructions below.

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

larceny_cases_districts %>%
  pivot_longer(
    cols = starts_with('20'),
    names_to = 'Year',
    values_to = 'Cases'
  ) %>%
  mutate(Year = as.integer(Year)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(Year, Cases, fill = District)) +
  geom_line() +
  geom_point(shape = 21, color = "black", size = 6) +
  geom_text(aes(label = Cases), hjust = -1, vjust = 0.1, color = "#ff0000") +
  ggtitle("Larceny Crimes in 2015-2018") +
  theme_ipsum()

Data

larceny_cases_districts <- 
structure(list(District = c("A1", "D4", "B2"), `2015` = c(10L, 
    6L, 1L), `2016` = c(13L, 8L, 8L), `2017` = c(10L, 2L, 6L), 
    `2018` = c(13L, 2L, 3L)), row.names = c("1", "2", "3"), 
    class = "data.frame")

edited Oct 02 '20 at 19:46

answered Oct 02 '20 at 15:41

Rui Barradas

70,273
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To make this plot you changed the values in here? `larceny_cases_districts <- read.table(text = " District 2015 2016 2017 2018 1 A1 value value value value 2 D4 value value value value 3 B2 value value value value ", header = TRUE, check.names = FALSE)` – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 15:58
@GuilhermeFrediani Yes, I have. That's what the `lapply` after `read.table` is doing. The values sampled are completely different from yours but the general principle of plotting the graph is the same. – Rui Barradas Oct 02 '20 at 16:34
can you explain to me more about each line of your solution, please? – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:21
@GuilhermeFrediani If the data is in long format, there is a x axis variable and a y axis one. Then, in order to separate the lines, a grouping variable. In this case it's `fill = District`. Had it been `color = District` in the initial call to `ggplot` and the lines would have been colored by groups of `District`. And `ggplot` separates the groups automatically. – Rui Barradas Oct 02 '20 at 19:24
Ok, but like, i'll try to change the values of the plot, what do i need to do for that? – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:26
i would like to use real values that i have from the data frame to create the plot – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:28
@GuilhermeFrediani Can you post the output of `dput(head(larceny_cases_districts, 20))` in the question? Like this it will be easier to answer. – Rui Barradas Oct 02 '20 at 19:30
Ill post it in the question – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:33
@GuilhermeFrediani Done, see now. – Rui Barradas Oct 02 '20 at 19:47
so i just need to change the values inside the () now? – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:50
Thank You so much! – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:59

score 1 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 02 '20 at 15:14

1

Maybe you are looking for this:

#Code
ggplot(data = larceny_cases_districts, aes(x = Year,
                                           y = Cases,
                                           color=factor(Year),
                                           group=1,
                                           fill=factor(Year)))+
  geom_line(size = 2 )+
  geom_point(shape = 21, color = "black", size = 6)+
  geom_text(aes(label = Cases), hjust=-1,vjust=0.1, color="#ff0000")+
  theme_ipsum()+
  ggtitle("Larceny Crimes in 2015-2018")

Output:

Some data used:

#Data
larceny_cases_districts <- structure(list(Year = 2015:2018, Cases = c(2895L, 4561L, 4450L, 
2982L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c("1", "2", "3", "4"
))

answered Oct 02 '20 at 15:14

Duck

39,058
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This is closer to what i was expecting but i want something to be more like this: A single plot like you did but with 3 different lines and each point represents the larceny cases of a district, for example, the red line would be 2015 and the first point would be A1, then D4 and finally B2. And the color of the line is determined by each year – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 15:19
@GuilhermeFrediani Like a bar plot but using lines? – Duck Oct 02 '20 at 15:22
idk what that would look like actually hahahahahahahahaha – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 15:54
can you explain to me what the "L" after que values mean? – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:06
It is one `1` and it creates a line grouped only by itself! – Duck Oct 02 '20 at 19:08
Ok! Thank You so much! – Guilherme Frediani Oct 02 '20 at 19:12

I want to plot multiple values in a same ggplot

2 Answers2