Can you access it through the database? Yes. @Lakshmi (well, yourself) pointed to the place to watch out for.
Should you do so? Absolutely not!
Liferay's database is meant to be a black box for you. As soon as you think you understand it, you'll be tempted to write to the database and wonder why
- search doesn't work any more
- the next upgrade fails because of relationships to entities unknown to you
- permission checks fail, because you didn't pay attention to them.
There's an API, it's called Expando. And the linked answer to the other question has its details. Use that and don't bother with the database. Do yourself (and anybody maintaining your code later) a favor.
Here's a more complete write-up of what you need in order to access the database. But you shouldn't need it - just leave it alone. Seriously.