You could use the old "qt-unified-online-installer", where you still could
skip the login, to install a newer Qt version!
The latest installer version, where this is possible (as far as I know) is the version 2.0.5-2.
The old installer for Linux can still be downloaded from here:
https://download.qt.io/archive/online_installers/2.0/
Unfortunately, Qt.io, in their wisdom, decided to remove the Windows and MacOS online installers from their download mirrors, but at least a slightly older version for Windows can still be found via Google, search for "qt-unified-windows-x86-2.0.2-online.exe".
Here's a link for direct download that I've found (06/2023), but I didn't test it on Windows!
https://qt-creator.software.informer.com/download/?caeae88
If anybody knows where to get the old 2.0 MacOS online installer, please let me know...
Example for Linux:
Now run the installer, skip the login, and when you are on the "Welcome" page, press "Settings" and go to the "Repositories" tab.
Disable all "Default repositories" and select "User defined repositories"
(must be selected!!).
Then press the "Add" button to add your own Qt repositories, depending
on what version you want to install, e.g. for Qt 5.15.2 on Linux, add these
five Linux repositories:
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/linux_x64/desktop/qt5_5152
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/linux_x64/desktop/qt5_5152_src_doc_examples
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/linux_x64/desktop/tools_generic
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/linux_x64/desktop/tools_qtcreator
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/linux_x64/desktop/licenses
Then press "OK", repeat skipping the login page and press "Next", now the installer should load all data needed to install the newer Qt version, and you are able to select what package you want to install. :-)
Other versions and systems:
(or: how to get those repositories URLs)
If you want to install another Qt version, and/or a version for your OS, just look up here:
https://download.qt.io/online/qtsdkrepository/
... select the folder with your OS, and go into the "desktop" subfolder!
In here, search for the folder pair that has your wanted version (e.g. Qt 5.12.11 = "qt5_51211" and "qt5_51211_src_doc_examples"), and replace the first two repository URLs from the example above with those two (right click > copy link).
Then search for the corresponding folders/links of the other three needed repositories of your OS ("tools_generic", "tools_qtcreator" and "licenses").
Tested this on Debian Linux 12 x64, with latest Qt5 and Qt6 repositories.
Have fun! :-D