Assuming you are only looking for one of your "Find Data" results in a given query, you can use LIKE for this. But you need some delimiter before and after each number for that to work; I'm going to use ;
. So to find "1,2":
select group_concat(Set order by Set) as 'Matched Set'
from list_of_data
where concat(';',replace(Data,',',';;'),';') LIKE '%;1;%;2;%';
Here we change each row's data; for instance, 1,3,4
becomes ;1;;3;;4;
. Then search for the delimited numbers you are trying to find, with %
allowing other numbers before or after each one. If you cannot translate the 1,2
to this form in your code, you can do it in your query, like:
LIKE concat('%;',replace('1,2',',',';%;'),';%')