How to get as.bigz work with variables in R?

Question

I'm trying to store fibonacci sequence as rows in a csv file. I need to store large numbers but it isn't working. I tried to use Rmpfr, but I couldn't find a way to do it properly. The other good method was to create a long list but I want to save each number in a new row.

library(gmp)
fibonacci <- function(nth) {
    fib <- c(0,1)
    for(i in 3:nth){
        fib[i] <- fib[i-1] + fib[i-2]
    }
    as.bigz(fib)
}
N <- 15000
write.table(as.character(fibonacci(N)), "fibonacci big.csv", 
col.names = "Fibonacci Numbers",row.names = FALSE)

I see the output becomes the same from 1449th entry. as.bigz requires the number to be a character to avoid double precision issues. Is there a way to get output for larger numbers?

Edit: Edit 1: Mr Marek Fiołka made me realise I could have converted the initial vector to a bigz type vector to avoid conversion errors.

Edit 2: As pointed out by Mr Rudolph, I've removed the redundant conversion into bigz type.

The edited code:

library(gmp)
fibonacci <- function(nth) {
    fib <- as.bigz(c(0,1))
    for(i in 3:nth){
        fib[i] <- fib[i-1] + fib[i-2]
    }
    fib
}
N <- 15000
write.table(as.character(fibonacci(N)), "fibonacci big.csv", 
col.names = "Fibonacci Numbers",row.names = FALSE) 

Answer 1

library(gmp)
library(data.table)
library(fs)
library(utils)


n = 1000
fileName = "fibonacci big.csv"

fwrite(list("0"), fileName)
fwrite(list("1"), fileName, append = file_exists(fileName))

pb = winProgressBar(max = n, width = 500)
on.exit(close(pb), add = TRUE)
fib0 = as.bigz(0)
fib1 = as.bigz(1)
for(i in 3:n){
  fib = fib0 + fib1
  fwrite(list(as.character(fib)), fileName, append = file_exists(fileName))
  setWinProgressBar(pb, i, paste(round(i/n, 2)*100, "%"))
  fib0 = fib1
  fib1 = fib
}
close(pb)

Note! For large n(15000), the calculation will take several minutes. The file can also be very large. For me, with n = 15000, it took about 2 minutes and the file was reduced to 22.5 MB. But we managed to find 15,000 elements of the Fibonnacci sequence. That's him.

180356212817232358527136269558393274270479577287959770214783776455882580176808282935116449287253001675278567205597341664270703993136851989859494809191272208168671602010135312495296553662790352582033423080689757992520655785610316941531173588408998619812807392167094455165363355259485592278979388870298110870050912172411703995878726547708126588747557108886477742159519675726841476567233617069303168933729769224839193682942110633367322841686836744207977400786184404283243942571683714924012584054120950619420879245008334171878098209414559267738476048405512373264705915648256421029922854826089454770481653365776765021018110912210918296748113016817314353185049893148191072970004722127877580853512230597663125482412037507790122452840808247238862266940374952733301348535189028427982115508256085629078838285854519748549211253115363900979738960948772589014559911367102564396479380119671836661458473444680552841046388920629103926658110037230386547506816712866616340383491227279709660200771238944743897531289959511150305531873160607872566720751381188951153762201432960669039121243742888978686571778654570582578356003787537920689451735958244288072349086881269456351988300299442324421142440230312335818179554507414851349917896307630882698214864014344956780348499120670367075038565963319741348415248138037342603113034434198363994519415494026021710622105031596662576344941382709460665227123428132640271682951472209368453748754510035741638613590279538796566181871895713339174456728394471357415996934436202565485732749272347348991793493320243181956465786389970599533658454386144770652584880176519203467064567384636418219255416950945755037995377546451320680325530900980211314010182766809827492194845387482751225482662997765661866262382112219008183345652570682633899549560294736097218086788785294700336993482784319083980440026327099112563241621005721911339313568395785607613027063516725870186041444932874242502339316433484868302535616417673857358757000197098734066555060275659441540730179880840068680711039092402469979537402038522869532858210224421954879125281803617171486680299882175622463954938841161683824017764172124148438928242788323301450705633955505182591808014745581257657569980476219657313856171171041106956687416108450931365450698373196534957320986723454445945232416845732305494189207716358085853199984634824143123729540264742981573020172237026058046740201545250287662018382140146169998065636288937211877886621661690578651489040221004254744005525689460483194423394923570500857169107685204978377809144999120496376447004389621794981767672901579794816635242858841182877011991980777649470507584848234893126914722042071134658473351945026030226538176505680011883028482299815999170838410236573499975247752075137709072936793331605370102620992579010729955042839150039536988476316814658001111401786786920802580057225089821741914525126541381743907218686111921778056456742847181643346546263899570276608898254139702386798819800561168979805761661085945938400171610214159378775050985949240013649311708619468421748433514761538254173535727874452760668054213182096783214642043675647412439936425441952983174011449159555969819986536279264099966926245798558475510001

Update

If I understood correctly, your task was to generate the Fibonacci sequence and save it to a file.

To do something like this (especially if you plan to compute many sequence elements and it can take a long time), it is a good idea to optimize your code immediately.

My optimization was not to store in memory subsequent elements of the Fibonacci sequence, but to save them to a file from the time after the calculation.

Second, my calculations are carried out on variables of the bigz type from the very beginning. Look at this:

fib0 = as.bigz(0)
fib1 = as.bigz(1)
[...]
fib = fib0 + fib1
[...]
fib0 = fib1
fib1 = fib

As you can see, I use bigz type variables all the time.

Besides, I used the fastest write-to-file function I know, which is fwrite from the data.table package. Don't miss the append = file_exists (fileName) check. During the computation, someone (yourself, the system, whoever) could delete the fibonacci big.csv file from the disk.

The rest of the setWin ProgressBar form is just a nice addition to give you an idea of how far we've gone in the calculations.

Update 2 If you are not interested in all the individual elements of the sequence and you do not want to save them to a file, you can simplify the calculations to such a function:

Fibbonnaci = function(n){
  if(n==0) return(0)
  if(n==1) return(1)
  fib0 = as.bigz(0)
  fib1 = as.bigz(1)
  for(i in 3:n){
    fib = fib0 + fib1
    fib0 = fib1
    fib1 = fib
  }
  return(fib)
}

For me, such a command Fibbonnaci(1500000) after a few minutes returned the following result:

Big Integer ('bigz') :
[1] 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Oops. I had to shorten the result because SO gave me a warning "Body is limited to 30000 characters; you entered 319054" :-)

But it works quite fast and quite correctly !!