You seem to be uncertain what you need to be kept open, (the sole aim of that batch file is to keep a console window open for visual console feedback) but to answer your request, you need to run your bat file from a cmd prompt, in order to pass parameters otherwise it is mainly redundant.
@echo off
set "JLINK_VM_OPTIONS="
set "DIR=%~dp0"
start "" "%DIR%javaw" %JLINK_VM_OPTIONS% -m Main/org.openjfx.Main %*
rem See notes
rem exit
Note
javaW willstart
java for windows in non console mode, thus dismissing the batch file. However if you are running from a cmd console that is a separate exit
that's needed as an extra last line, so try with rem
first then remove that last rem
to see any difference.
If you find javaW is not suitable then remove the W at the end.
I have no idea why the source of that file was constructed in such a non windows fashion except the aim seems to be to prefix the run by clearing one and setting one preset environment value, then holding so could be reduced to
@Title "Feedback"&set "JLINK_VM_OPTIONS="&set "DIR=%~dp0"&"%DIR%java" -m Main/org.openjfx.Main %*
@echo Done&pause&exit