well , i encountered same issue with docker on fedora which uses btrfs by default , Deleting the /var/lib/docker directory would remove all Docker data, including images, containers, volumes, and other configuration files.
Doing so will essentially reset Docker to a clean state, as if you've just installed Docker for the first time.
However, deleting the /var/lib/docker directory will lead to data loss.
All data related to Docker, such as running containers, images, and volumes, will be permanently lost. If you have important data stored within Docker containers or volumes, it will be gone after deleting this directory.
removing images, and only btrfs directory in path /var/lib/docker/btrfs will fix the issue and no need to docker system prune or deleting the hole docker directory
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
docker rmi $(docker images -aq)
sudo systemctl stop docker
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker/btrfs
sudo systemctl start docker
this is a much faster and safer fix to this issue
note that deleting btrfs directory may take a while since it may has too many files