The first is regular variable assignment
const items = this.state.items;
The seconds is destructuring assignment
const { items } = this.state;
The destructuring assignment syntax is a JavaScript expression that
makes it possible to unpack values from arrays, or properties from
objects, into distinct variables.
IMO the only significant difference between the two is the amount of code you write. Destructuring assignment is handy when you need to unpack several object properties.
Compare
const propA = this.state.propA;
const propB = this.state.propB;
const propB = this.state.propC;
versus
const { propA, propB, propC } = this.state;