I'm trying to use Cython (Cython version 0.29.30) to speed up my computations in Mac M1, and testing the .pyx by pyximport, but I got:
/Users/xxxx/.pyxbld/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/pyrex/binomial.c:697:10: fatal error: 'ios' file not found
#include "ios"
^~~~~
1 error generated.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 117, in _compile
self.spawn(compiler_so + cc_args + [src, '-o', obj] +
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 910, in spawn
spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/spawn.py", line 91, in spawn
raise DistutilsExecError(
distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit code 1
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 214, in load_module
so_path = build_module(module_name, pyxfilename, pyxbuild_dir,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 186, in build_module
so_path = pyxbuild.pyx_to_dll(pyxfilename, extension_mod,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyxbuild.py", line 102, in pyx_to_dll
dist.run_commands()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py", line 186, in run
_build_ext.build_ext.run(self)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py", line 195, in build_extensions
_build_ext.build_ext.build_extensions(self)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 449, in build_extensions
self._build_extensions_serial()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 474, in _build_extensions_serial
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 529, in build_extension
objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile
self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 120, in _compile
raise CompileError(msg)
distutils.errors.CompileError: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit code 1
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 459, in load_module
module = load_module(fullname, self.path,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 231, in load_module
raise exc.with_traceback(tb)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 214, in load_module
so_path = build_module(module_name, pyxfilename, pyxbuild_dir,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyximport.py", line 186, in build_module
so_path = pyxbuild.pyx_to_dll(pyxfilename, extension_mod,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyximport/pyxbuild.py", line 102, in pyx_to_dll
dist.run_commands()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py", line 186, in run
_build_ext.build_ext.run(self)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py", line 195, in build_extensions
_build_ext.build_ext.build_extensions(self)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 449, in build_extensions
self._build_extensions_serial()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 474, in _build_extensions_serial
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 529, in build_extension
objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile
self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 120, in _compile
raise CompileError(msg)
ImportError: Building module binomial failed: ["distutils.errors.CompileError: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit code 1\n"]
I'm quite new in Cython. When I ran cython xxx.pyx directly, it worked. The answers in this question are great help, but I was confused and sought for a better solution. I tried the first answer that tried to use C++ compiler:
>>> script_args = ["--cython-cplus"]
>>> setup_args = {"script_args": script_args}
>>> pyximport.install(setup_args=setup_args, language_level=3)
but got:
distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command '/usr/bin/clang++' failed with exit code 1
So I tried the second answer. It works fine. This means that I have to create a .pyxbld file for each .pyx file, which is quite annoying.
How can I solve this?
