You can use pivot_longer
and unite
, both from the tidyr
package:
library(tidyr)
pivot_longer(df, -Year) |>
unite(date, name, Year, sep = " ")
#> # A tibble: 120 x 2
#> date value
#> <chr> <int>
#> 1 Jan 1659 68
#> 2 Feb 1659 97
#> 3 Mar 1659 89
#> 4 Apr 1659 74
#> 5 May 1659 44
#> 6 Jun 1659 2
#> 7 Jul 1659 81
#> 8 Aug 1659 22
#> 9 Sep 1659 87
#> 10 Oct 1659 1
#> # ... with 110 more rows
Data used
set.seed(1)
df <- cbind(1659:1668, replicate(12, sample(99, 10))) |>
as.data.frame() |>
setNames(c("Year", month.abb))
df
#> Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
#> 1 1659 68 97 89 74 44 2 81 22 87 1 76 43
#> 2 1660 39 85 37 42 25 45 13 93 83 43 39 1
#> 3 1661 1 21 34 38 70 18 40 28 90 59 24 29
#> 4 1662 34 54 99 20 39 22 89 48 48 26 53 78
#> 5 1663 87 74 44 28 51 78 48 33 64 15 92 22
#> 6 1664 43 7 79 96 42 65 96 45 94 58 86 70
#> 7 1665 14 73 33 44 6 70 23 21 60 29 40 28
#> 8 1666 82 79 84 87 24 87 84 31 51 24 83 37
#> 9 1667 59 98 35 70 32 93 29 17 34 42 90 61
#> 10 1668 51 37 70 40 14 75 98 73 10 48 35 46
Created on 2022-11-29 with reprex v2.0.2