Depending on the version of TFS on the server, it could have a built-in option to import the TFVC history into a git repo on the same server. Afterwards you can mirror-clone it to disk and copy it. This will grab a limited history from a single branch though.
Git-TFS doesn't need any special privileges on the server to run, so instead of using the installer try creating a portable version by copying the installed bits from your own workstation.
You'll need a couple of things:
- A portable version of git.
- A portable version of tf.exe (you can copy the team explorer folder from a Visual Studio installation)
- A portable version of Git-TFS.
Open a command prompt, add the paths to the 3 executables to your path variable and run the tool. It should just work.
In extreme cases I'd get a copy of the TFS databases, install a local copy of TFS/Azure DevOps Server on my machine and attach the databases. That way you have full access to the contents in the server to run whatever tools you need to use without having to install anything in the original server.