The secret is to set the following options per compiler, in your
c++.local.properties file.
For example, if you have vs2022 installed, this file might look like this, in part:
includePath=C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.35.32124\include;C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.35.32124\ATLMFC\include;C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Preview\VC\Auxiliary\VS\include;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22621.0\ucrt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22621.0\um;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22621.0\shared;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22621.0\winrt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22621.0\cppwinrt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\NETFXSDK\4.7.2\include\um
libPath=C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.22621.0\um\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.22621.0\ucrt\x64;C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.35.32124\lib\x64
demangler=C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.35.32124\bin\Hostx64\x64\undname.exe
defaultCompiler=vc2022_64
compilers=&vc2022:&clang
group.vc2022.groupName=Visual Studio MSVC
group.vc2022.compilers=vc2022_32:vc2022_64
group.vc2022.options=-EHsc
group.vc2022.compilerType=win32-vc
group.vc2022.needsMulti=false
group.vc2022.includeFlag=/I
group.vc2022.versionFlag=/?
group.vc2022.versionRe=^.*Microsoft \(R\).*$
group.vc2022.supportsBinary=true
group.vc2022.supportsExecute=true
In particular, note the last two lines. Also note the libPath and includePath and adjust according to what you have installed.