Error code 215 when authenticating Twitter API 2.0 in Python using Authlib and OAuth2

Question

I've seen lots of related questions to this one, but none of the answers have helped me.

First, I went to the Twitter Developer Portal and set up my OAuth2.0 Client ID and Secret:

Then, I used Authlib to set up a OAuth2Session with an Authorization Code flow, documented here:

authorization_url = 'https://api.twitter.com/2/oauth2/authorize'
scopes = ['tweet.read', 'tweet.write', 'users.read']
scope = ' '.join(scopes)

Then I set up an OAuth2 client using the ID and secret, create the authorization URL, and print the URI for use:

client = OAuth2Session(client_id, client_secret, scope=scope)
uri, state = client.create_authorization_url(authorization_url)
print("> Open this in your browser: " + uri)

In the terminal, it prints

> Open this in your browser: https://api.twitter.com/2/oauth2/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=[redacted]&scope=tweet.read+tweet.write+users.read&state=L21JiPkirR8awYs7kcDjFC4jrPj68x

But opening the link in a browser displays the Twitter-produced error

{"errors":[{"message":"Bad Authentication data","code":215}]}

which is all over Stack Overflow. So I tried

• logging out of Twitter again,
• opening the link on various browsers,
• removing the scope parameter from the OAuth2Session object,
• changing the scope join character from ' ' to '%20' and '+',
• double-checking and regenerating Client ID + Secret,
• removing Authlib and implementing the same code using just Python requests

I believe another answer (and others like these) fail to help in my situation because Authlib's OAuth2Session should be correctly set up and authenticating via OAuth2 (unless there's a problem with the library).

So, after that, I tried adding the callback URI through the client. I used a local callback URI with a Flask app. This is the same Callback URI I set up in the Twitter developer portal. Although this probably isn't done correctly, I don't believe it's causing Error 215. I thought I'd include this just in case:

callback_uri = 'http://127.0.0.1:5000/oauth/callback'

client = OAuth2Session(client_id, client_secret, scope=scope, redirect_uri=callback_uri)

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/oauth/callback", methods=["GET"])
def callback():
    print('Callback')

I could be missing something, or perhaps my data is improperly formatted in some way. This has proven to be a frustrating issue.

Answer 1

If the type of library is not important to you and you only want the output, I recommend you to use the Tweepy library, because it has a mode that does not require a callback and only works with pin. Pay attention to the following example:

import tweepy
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(
    "CONSUMER_KEY",
    "CONSUMER_SECRET",
    callback='oob'
)
auth_url = auth.get_authorization_url()
print("\n", auth_url, "\n")
verifier_value = input("Enter Authorization Pin: ")
auth.get_access_token(verifier_value)
text = f"Consumer key: {CONSUMER_KEY}\n"
text += f"Consumer secret: {CONSUMER_SECRET}\n"
text += f"Access token: {auth.access_token}\n"
text += f"Access token secret: {auth.access_token_secret}\n"
print(text)

Whenever you set the value of the callback parameter to oob, Twitter authenticates will be changed