(small disclaimer, I know nothing about Ionic, just cordova)
I see 3 seperate issues in your logs:
1, you are using 'conpile', where you should be using 'implementation', see this answer: Could not find method compile() for arguments [com.android.support:support-v4:+]
It's weird that is a warning and not an error, if you are using gradle 7.1.1 and cordova 10+, but I think you should fix that anyway (it's pretty straigt forward).
2, That plugin version error, not sure what's wrong there, but seems like a separate issue.
3, the logs say that android:exported is still missing in some places. For me the problem was inside a plugin, you have to update/patch those too. I had to do it for the social-sharing plugin and patched it with patch-package. If you cannot find it, can you share your android-manifest.xml? (since the android-manifest is inside the platforms folder changing the file itself wont work as it is rebuild every time you build your app, so you need to change it from the config.xml/hooks/patches, see this answer: How to set Android exported for Cordova application)
I'd target cordova-android 10.1.2 with target sdk 31 first. And upgrade step by step. Otherwise you get too many errors at once.