How can I find the number of years between two dates?

Question

I am trying to determine an age in years from a certain date. Does anyone know a clean way to do this in Android? I have the Java api available obviously, but the straight-up java api is pretty weak, and I was hoping that Android has something to help me out.

EDIT: The multiple recommendations to use Joda time in Android worries me a bit due to Android Java - Joda Date is slow and related concerns. Also, pulling in a library not shipped with the platform for something this size is probably overkill.

Answer 1

import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Locale;
import static java.util.Calendar.*;
import java.util.Date;

public static int getDiffYears(Date first, Date last) {
    Calendar a = getCalendar(first);
    Calendar b = getCalendar(last);
    int diff = b.get(YEAR) - a.get(YEAR);
    if (a.get(MONTH) > b.get(MONTH) || 
        (a.get(MONTH) == b.get(MONTH) && a.get(DATE) > b.get(DATE))) {
        diff--;
    }
    return diff;
}

public static Calendar getCalendar(Date date) {
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(Locale.US);
    cal.setTime(date);
    return cal;
}

Note: as Ole V.V. noticed, this won't work with dates before Christ due how Calendar works.

Answer 2

tl;dr

ChronoUnit.YEARS.between( 
    LocalDate.of( 2010 , 1 , 1 ) , 
    LocalDate.now( ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" ) ) 
)

Test for zero years elapsed, and one year elapsed.

ChronoUnit.YEARS.between( 
    LocalDate.of( 2010 , 1 , 1 )  , 
    LocalDate.of( 2010 , 6 , 1 ) 
)

0

ChronoUnit.YEARS.between( 
    LocalDate.of( 2010 , 1 , 1 )  , 
    LocalDate.of( 2011 , 1 , 1 ) 
)

1

See this code run at Ideone.com.

java.time

The old date-time classes really are bad, so bad that both Sun & Oracle agreed to supplant them with the java.time classes. If you do any significant work at all with date-time values, adding a library to your project is worthwhile. The Joda-Time library was highly successful and recommended, but is now in maintenance mode. The team advises migration to the java.time classes.

Much of the java.time functionality is back-ported to Java 6 & 7 in ThreeTen-Backport and further adapted to Android in ThreeTenABP (see How to use…).

LocalDate start = LocalDate.of( 2010 , 1 , 1 ) ;
LocalDate stop = LocalDate.now( ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" ) );
long years = java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.YEARS.between( start , stop );

Dump to console.

System.out.println( "start: " + start + " | stop: " + stop + " | years: " + years ) ;

start: 2010-01-01 | stop: 2016-09-06 | years: 6

---

---

About java.time

The java.time framework is built into Java 8 and later. These classes supplant the troublesome old legacy date-time classes such as java.util.Date, Calendar, & SimpleDateFormat.

The Joda-Time project, now in maintenance mode, advises migration to the java.time classes.

To learn more, see the Oracle Tutorial. And search Stack Overflow for many examples and explanations. Specification is JSR 310.

You may exchange java.time objects directly with your database. Use a JDBC driver compliant with JDBC 4.2 or later. No need for strings, no need for java.sql.* classes.

Where to obtain the java.time classes?

• Java SE 8, Java SE 9, Java SE 10, Java SE 11, and later - Part of the standard Java API with a bundled implementation.
• Java 9 adds some minor features and fixes.
• Java SE 6 and Java SE 7
• Most of the java.time functionality is back-ported to Java 6 & 7 in ThreeTen-Backport.
• Android
• Later versions of Android bundle implementations of the java.time classes.
• For earlier Android (<26), the ThreeTenABP project adapts ThreeTen-Backport (mentioned above). See How to use ThreeTenABP….

Answer 3

I would recommend using the great Joda-Time library for everything date related in Java.

For your needs you can use the Years.yearsBetween() method.

Answer 4

I apparently can't comment yet, but I think you can just use the DAY_OF_YEAR to workout if you should adjust the years down one (copied and modified from current best answer)

public static int getDiffYears(Date first, Date last) {
    Calendar a = getCalendar(first);
    Calendar b = getCalendar(last);
    int diff = b.get(Calendar.YEAR) - a.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    if (a.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR) > b.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR)) {
        diff--;
    }
    return diff;
}

public static Calendar getCalendar(Date date) {
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(Locale.US);
    cal.setTime(date);
    return cal;
}

Similarly you could probably just diff the ms representations of the time and divide by the number of ms in a year. Just keep everything in longs and that should be good enough most of the time (leap years, ouch) but it depends on your application for the number of years and how performant that function has to be weather it would be worth that kind of hack.

Answer 5

Here's what I think is a better method:

public int getYearsBetweenDates(Date first, Date second) {
    Calendar firstCal = GregorianCalendar.getInstance();
    Calendar secondCal = GregorianCalendar.getInstance();

    firstCal.setTime(first);
    secondCal.setTime(second);

    secondCal.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, 1 - firstCal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR));

    return secondCal.get(Calendar.YEAR) - firstCal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
}

EDIT

Apart from a bug which I fixed, this method does not work well with leap years. Here's a complete test suite. I guess you're better off using the accepted answer.

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

class YearsBetweenDates {
    public static int getYearsBetweenDates(Date first, Date second) {
        Calendar firstCal = GregorianCalendar.getInstance();
        Calendar secondCal = GregorianCalendar.getInstance();

        firstCal.setTime(first);
        secondCal.setTime(second);

        secondCal.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, 1 - firstCal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR));

        return secondCal.get(Calendar.YEAR) - firstCal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    }

    private static class TestCase {
        public Calendar date1;
        public Calendar date2;
        public int expectedYearDiff;
        public String comment;

        public TestCase(Calendar date1, Calendar date2, int expectedYearDiff, String comment) {
            this.date1 = date1;
            this.date2 = date2;
            this.expectedYearDiff = expectedYearDiff;
            this.comment = comment;
        }
    }

    private static TestCase[] tests = {
        new TestCase(
                new GregorianCalendar(2014, Calendar.JULY, 15),
                new GregorianCalendar(2015, Calendar.JULY, 15),
                1,
                "exactly one year"),
        new TestCase(
                new GregorianCalendar(2014, Calendar.JULY, 15),
                new GregorianCalendar(2017, Calendar.JULY, 14),
                2,
                "one day less than 3 years"),
        new TestCase(
                new GregorianCalendar(2015, Calendar.NOVEMBER, 3),
                new GregorianCalendar(2017, Calendar.MAY, 3),
                1,
                "a year and a half"),
        new TestCase(
                new GregorianCalendar(2016, Calendar.JULY, 15),
                new GregorianCalendar(2017, Calendar.JULY, 15),
                1,
                "leap years do not compare correctly"),
    };

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        for (TestCase t : tests) {
            int diff = getYearsBetweenDates(t.date1.getTime(), t.date2.getTime());
            String result = diff == t.expectedYearDiff ? "PASS" : "FAIL";
            System.out.println(t.comment + ": " +
                    df.format(t.date1.getTime()) + " -> " +
                    df.format(t.date2.getTime()) + " = " +
                    diff + ": " + result);
        }
    }
}

Answer 6

a handy one if you don't want to border Calendar, Locale, or external library:

private static SimpleDateFormat YYYYMMDD = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
public static Integer toDate8d(Date date) {
    String s;
    synchronized (YYYYMMDD) { s = YYYYMMDD.format(date); }  // SimpleDateFormat thread safety
    return Integer.valueOf(s);
}
public static Integer yearDiff(Date pEarlier, Date pLater) {
    return (toDate8d(pLater) - toDate8d(pEarlier)) / 10000;
}

Answer 7

I know you have asked for a clean solution, but here are two dirty once:

        static void diffYears1()
{
    SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy");
    Calendar calendar1 = Calendar.getInstance(); // now
    String toDate = dateFormat.format(calendar1.getTime());

    Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();
    calendar2.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, -7000); // some date in the past
    String fromDate = dateFormat.format(calendar2.getTime());

    // just simply add one year at a time to the earlier date until it becomes later then the other one 
    int years = 0;
    while(true)
    {
        calendar2.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
        if(calendar2.getTimeInMillis() < calendar1.getTimeInMillis())
            years++;
        else
            break;
    }

    System.out.println(years + " years between " + fromDate + " and " + toDate);
}

static void diffYears2()
{
    SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy");
    Calendar calendar1 = Calendar.getInstance(); // now
    String toDate = dateFormat.format(calendar1.getTime());

    Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();
    calendar2.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, -7000); // some date in the past
    String fromDate = dateFormat.format(calendar2.getTime());

    // first get the years difference from the dates themselves
    int years = calendar1.get(Calendar.YEAR) - calendar2.get(Calendar.YEAR);
    // now make the earlier date the same year as the later
    calendar2.set(Calendar.YEAR, calendar1.get(Calendar.YEAR));
    // and see if new date become later, if so then one year was not whole, so subtract 1 
    if(calendar2.getTimeInMillis() > calendar1.getTimeInMillis())
        years--;

    System.out.println(years + " years between " + fromDate + " and " + toDate);
}

Answer 8

// int year =2000;  int month =9 ;    int day=30;

    public int getAge (int year, int month, int day) {

            GregorianCalendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
            int y, m, d, noofyears;         

            y = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);// current year ,
            m = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH);// current month 
            d = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);//current day
            cal.set(year, month, day);// here ur date 
            noofyears = y - cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
            if ((m < cal.get(Calendar.MONTH))
                            || ((m == cal.get(Calendar.MONTH)) && (d < cal
                                            .get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)))) {
                    --noofyears;
            }
            if(noofyears < 0)
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("age < 0");
             System.out.println(noofyears);
            return noofyears;

Answer 9

This will work and if you want the number of years replace 12 to 1

    String date1 = "07-01-2015";
    String date2 = "07-11-2015";
    int i = Integer.parseInt(date1.substring(6));
    int j = Integer.parseInt(date2.substring(6));
    int p = Integer.parseInt(date1.substring(3,5));
    int q = Integer.parseInt(date2.substring(3,5));


    int z;
    if(q>=p){
        z=q-p + (j-i)*12;
    }else{
        z=p-q + (j-i)*12;
    }
    System.out.println("The Total Months difference between two dates is --> "+z+" Months");

Answer 10

Thanks @Ole V.v for reviewing it: i have found some inbuilt library classes which does the same

    int noOfMonths = 0;
    org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormat
            .forPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");
    DateTime dt = formatter.parseDateTime(startDate);

    DateTime endDate11 = new DateTime();
    Months m = Months.monthsBetween(dt, endDate11);
    noOfMonths = m.getMonths();
    System.out.println(noOfMonths);

Answer 11

If you don't want to calculate it using java's Calendar you can use Androids Time class It is supposed to be faster but I didn't notice much difference when i switched.

I could not find any pre-defined functions to determine time between 2 dates for an age in Android. There are some nice helper functions to get formatted time between dates in the DateUtils but that's probably not what you want.

Answer 12

Try this:

int getYear(Date date1,Date date2){ 
      SimpleDateFormat simpleDateformat=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
      Integer.parseInt(simpleDateformat.format(date1));

      return Integer.parseInt(simpleDateformat.format(date2))- Integer.parseInt(simpleDateformat.format(date1));

    }