the mootools equivalent is via delegatorElement.addEvent("event:relay(mask)", fn);
where event
can be standard bubbling (click, mouseover/out/leave/enter etc) or non-bubbling (blur, focus, change etc).
in your code that goes as:
$(document.body).addEvent("click:relay(.filterButton)", function(event, element) {
console.log(event, element === this); // event obj, true
});
it's better to add the event to an element higher up the dom, like document.id("delegatorId")
more here:
http://mootools.net/docs/core/Element/Element.Delegation
keep in mind, event delegation is in mootools-core since 1.4 - it used to be in mootools-more before that, which means a custom build.