My understanding is they cannot be. Even in the case where there is too much memory crunch, kernel and its data structures will have to stay in the memory, no matter what.
But still wanted to confirm.
My understanding is they cannot be. Even in the case where there is too much memory crunch, kernel and its data structures will have to stay in the memory, no matter what.
But still wanted to confirm.
No. Not implemented. The kernel can decrease its footprint by pruning caches but cannot swap. On most modern hardware by the time you get so far as swapping kernel would help you're in serious trouble anyway.
I cannot assure this but I think Linux can swap even kernel-pages with some restrictions, for example it cannot swap those pages that contain all the swapping logic or interrupts logic. Again, I cannot assure this.