Justin808,
No one is an "evil bad person" for not using CD. If you prefer to use SQLite, go for it. It is used by many applications. It is a framework. If SQLite is a technology you are used to, then use SQLite. That said, CD is the Apple encouraged path for building rich, persistent model apps on their platforms. They don't provide many tools for the pure SQL community but provide a very rich set of tools for CD apps. I've attempted to answer the technology question here: Core Data VS Sqlite or FMDB…?
About your request for a line by line comparison between the same app implemented both ways, this sounds like an excellent learning opportunity for you to write one. (I teach beginning iOS programming. The app you're asking for can be quite simple. You can probably write both versions in one weekend. I would be happy to review your work and critique your blog post describing the differences. You could make an excellent contribution to other folks in your situation trying to choose between these two technologies.)
Your questions:
Something like here is a table structure in SQL, here is the
equivalent in core data...
Schemas are described differently but are substantially similar. That said, an SQL schema may not be tuned for use by CD and/or UI application or vice versa.
Here is a INSERT script in SQL, here is the equivalent in core data...
There are plenty of examples by Apple and others that tell you how to insert new entities. What is it you don't understand?
Here is a SELECT with a JOIN and a few WHERE statements, here is the
equivalent in core data...
The predicate language in CD is different than SQL. As such, you will query things differently. In particular, CD is an almost "pure" set theoretic approach to organizing data. You use fetches to seed your "query" and set operation to refine it. Beyond that, I need to direct you to one of the many books about CD and its predicate language.
How do I provide a pre-populated core data system
CD depends upon a file like every other DB system. You provide it in your bundle and copy it into your documents directory (on iOS) when you need to mutate it.
Where do the core data files live? in the bundle like my SQLite
database would?
Yes, they do. If you are using CD with a SQLite backing store, then it is just a SQLite DB file. (There is a special issue if you allow CD to store large BLOBs in the file system.)
With an update to the app what do I have to do to update the core data
files if they live outside my bundle?
I'm not sure what you are asking here? If you update your schema between versions, just as with SQLite, you will need to migrate your database to the new schema. CD provides some tools that work very well for additive migrations.
Good luck with your choice.
Andrew