In my batch file on Windows XP, I want to use %* to expand to all parameters except the first.
Test file (foo.bat):
@echo off
echo %*
shift
echo %*
Call:
C:\> foo a b c d e f
Actual result:
a b c d e f
a b c d e f
Desired result:
a b c d e f
b c d e f
How can I achieve the desired result? Thanks!!
Wouldn't it be wonderful if CMD.EXE worked that way! Unfortunately there is not a good syntax that will do what you want. The best you can do is parse the command line yourself and build a new argument list.
Something like this can work.
@echo off
setlocal
echo %*
shift
set "args="
:parse
if "%~1" neq "" (
set args=%args% %1
shift
goto :parse
)
if defined args set args=%args:~1%
echo(%args%
But the above has problems if an argument contains special characters like ^, &, >, <, | that were escaped instead of quoted.
Argument handling is one of many weak aspects of Windows batch programming. For just about every solution, there exists an exception that causes problems.
That´s easy:
setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
set "_args=%*"
set "_args=!_args:*%1 =!"
echo/%_args%
endlocal
Same thing with comments:
:: Enable use of ! operator for variables (! works as % after % has been processed)
setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
set "_args=%*"
:: Remove %1 from %*
set "_args=!_args:*%1 =!"
:: The %_args% must be used here, before 'endlocal', as it is a local variable
echo/%_args%
endlocal
Example:
lets say %* is "1 2 3 4":
setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
set "_args=%*" --> _args=1 2 3 4
set "_args=!_args:*%1 =!" --> _args=2 3 4
echo/%_args%
endlocal
Remarks:
! or & char%_args% must be used before endlocal, because it is a local variable%_args% returns * =
Don't think there's a simple way to do so. You could try playing with the following workaround instead:
@ECHO OFF
>tmp ECHO(%*
SET /P t=<tmp
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
IF DEFINED t SET "t=!t:%1 =!"
ECHO(!t!
Example:
test.bat 1 2 3=4
Output:
2 3=4
Another easy way of doing this is:
set "_args=%*"
set "_args=%_args:* =%"
echo/%_args%
Remarks:
I had to do this recently and came up with this:
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem Number of arguments to skip
set skip=1
for %%a in (%*) do (
if not !position! lss !skip! (
echo Argument: '%%a'
) else (
set /a "position=!position!+1"
)
)
endlocal
It uses loop to skip over N first arguments. Can be used to execute some command per argument or build new argument list:
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem Number of arguments to skip
set skip=1
for %%a in (%*) do (
if not !position! lss !skip! (
set args=!args! %%a
) else (
set /a "position=!position!+1"
)
)
echo %args%
endlocal
Please note that the code above will add leading space to the new arguments. It can be removed like this:
Yet another obnoxious shortcoming of DOS/Windows batch programming...
Not sure if this is actually better than some of the other answers here but thought I'd share something that seems to be working for me. This solution uses FOR loops rather than goto, and is contained in a reusable batch script.
Separate batch script, "shiftn.bat":
@echo off
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set SHIFTN=%1
FOR %%i IN (%*) DO IF !SHIFTN! GEQ 0 ( set /a SHIFTN=!SHIFTN! - 1 ) ELSE ( set SHIFTEDARGS=!SHIFTEDARGS! %%i )
IF "%SHIFTEDARGS%" NEQ "" echo %SHIFTEDARGS:~1%
How to use shiftn.bat in another batch script; in this example getting all arguments following the first (skipped) arg:
FOR /f "usebackq delims=" %%i IN (`call shiftn.bat 1 %*`) DO set SHIFTEDARGS=%%i
Perhaps someone else can make use of some aspects of this solution (or offer suggestions for improvement).
Resume of all and fix all problems:
set Args=%1
:Parse
shift
set First=%1
if not defined First goto :EndParse
set Args=%Args% %First%
goto :Parse
:EndParse
Unsupport spaces between arguments: 1 2 3 4 will be 1 2 3 4
