The process of translating data structures or object state into a binary format
Serialization can be defined as the process of storing the state of an object to a storage medium. During this process, the public and private fields of the object and the name of the class, including the assembly containing the class, are converted to a stream of bytes, which is then written to a data stream. When the object is subsequently deserialized, an exact clone of the original object is created.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serialization
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/72hyey7b(v=vs.110).aspx