CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a transaction server that runs primarily on IBM mainframe systems under z/OS and z/VSE.
CICS is a transaction manager designed for rapid, high-volume online processing. Historically this processing was mostly interactive (screen-oriented), but since the addition of APIs to handle http(s) and SOAP web services more legacy applications have had new interfaces retrofitted.
Applications are written in a variety of languages including Assembler, COBOL, Java, PHP, PL/I, and Rexx, and use CICS supplied APIs to interact with CICS resources such as files, database connections or to invoke functions such as invoking a web service.
CICS manages the entire transaction such that if for any reason a part of the transaction fails all recoverable changes can be backed out.