Fibers are particularly lightweight threads of execution which use co-operative multitasking.
In computer science, a fiber is a particularly lightweight thread of execution..
Like threads, fibers share address space. However, fibers use co-operative multitasking while threads use pre-emptive multitasking. Threads often depend on the kernel's thread scheduler to preempt a busy thread and resume another thread; fibers yield themselves to run another fiber while executing. The article on threads contains more on the distinction between threads and fibers.
Fibers can be considered as implementation of coroutines so you might like to check also [coroutine] tag.