MBCS is an abbreviation for "Multi-Byte Character Set" i.e. the representation of text using more than one byte per character.
MBCS is an abbreviation for "Multi-Byte Character Set" i.e. the representation of text using more than one byte per character. This is in contrast to "single-byte" encodings (such as ASCII or Latin-1) where each byte represents a single character.
For more information, please refer to this question: What is a multibyte character set?.