A point cloud is a set of vertices in three-dimensional space, and is commonly the data set output by 3D scanners.
Point clouds are applicable to a variety of 3D imaging scenarios, including terrain mapping, CAD modeling, animation and metrology. A point cloud is a raw data set that typically needs to be converted into a useful data set, a process known as surface reconstruction. There are a variety of known algorithms that make this conversion.
Links
- Wikipedia on point clouds
- Point Cloud Library is a large open-source project