Polyglot Persistence, like polyglot programming, is all about choosing and/or combining the right persistence option for the task at hand.
Martin Fowler has been focusing on the topic of Polyglot Persistence: http://www.martinfowler.com/bliki/PolyglotPersistence.html
According Fowler notes, he first heard about Polyglot Persistance from Scott Leberknight https://www.altamiracorp.com/blog/employee-posts/polyglot-persistence