TLD is an abbreviation for top-level domain.
The top-level domains (TLDs) are managed by registrars under agreement from ICANN (www.icann.org). There are several different types of TLDs:
- gTLD - Generic top-level domains (.com, .net, .org ...)- Anybody can register these domains
- ccTLD - Country code top-level domains (.uk, .us, .ly, .cc) - These domains normally have restrictions on their use, for example, only companies that operate in these countries may register them (.uk does not have this restriction, but .ie, Ireland, does)
- sTLD - Sponsored top-level domains (.coop, .museum, .jobs) - These domains are for certain uses only. There are strict rules which must be met in order to register one of these domains.
See also http://icannwiki.com/GTLD for more details, including history and instructions for the proposal and registration process.