the Windows side-by-side assembly, or the Component Store directory itself (usually `C:\Windows\winsxs`)
The Windows component store (C:\Windows\winsxs) directory is used during servicing operations within Windows installations. Servicing operations include, but are not limited to, Windows Update, service pack, and hotfix installations.
Created to attempt to alleviate problems caused by DLLs, such as version conflicts, missing DLLs, duplicate DLLs, and incorrect or missing registration. Multiple DLL versions exist side-by-side in the WinSxS directory. Application manifests can choose which versions of the DLLs they need to reference.
Details of common issues with WinSxS: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2795190