1994 Quebec general election

September 12, 1994

125 seats in the 35th National Assembly of Quebec
63 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout81.58% (Increase6.56%)
  First party Second party
 
Jacques-Parizeau-Headshot-2008.jpeg
Daniel Johnson, Jr. at the PLQ Leadership Convention, March 16, 2013 CROPPED.jpg
Leader Jacques Parizeau Daniel Johnson Jr.
Party Parti Québécois Liberal
Leader since March 18, 1988 December 14, 1993
Leader's seat L'Assomption Vaudreuil
Last election 29 seats, 40.16% 92 seats, 49.95%
Seats won 77 47
Seat change Increase48 Decrease45
Popular vote 1,751,442 1,737,698
Percentage 44.75% 44.40%
Swing Increase4.59% Decrease5.55%

  Third party
 
MarioDumont.JPG
Leader Mario Dumont
Party Action démocratique
Leader since May 11, 1994
Leader's seat Rivière-du-Loup
Last election pre-creation
Seats won 1
Seat change Increase1
Popular vote 252,721
Percentage 6.46%
Swing Increase6.46%

Popular vote by riding. As this is an FPTP election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote, but instead via results by each riding. Click the map for more details.

Premier before election

Daniel Johnson Jr.
Liberal

Premier after election

Jacques Parizeau
Parti Québécois

The 1994 Quebec general election was held on September 12, 1994, to elect members of the National Assembly of Quebec. The Parti Québécois, led by Jacques Parizeau, defeated the incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Premier Daniel Johnson Jr.

Johnson had succeeded Robert Bourassa as Liberal leader and Premier. Both his father, Daniel Sr., and brother, Pierre-Marc, had previously served as premiers of Quebec as leaders of different parties.

The election set the stage for the 1995 Quebec referendum on independence for Quebec from Canada. The referendum would see the PQ government's proposals for sovereignty very narrowly defeated.

Mario Dumont, a former president of the Liberal party's youth wing, and then leader of the newly formed Action démocratique du Québec, won his own seat, but no other members of his party were elected.

In Saint-Jean, there was a tie between incumbent Liberal candidate Michel Charbonneau and PQ candidate Roger Paquin. A new election was held on October 24 and was won by Paquin by a margin of 532 votes.[1]

1992 redistribution of ridings

The Commission de la représentation électorale performed a redistribution in 1992, which maintained the number of seats in the National Assembly at 125 for the next general election, making the following alterations:[2]

Abolished ridingsNew ridings
Drawn from parts of other ridings
Merger of ridings
Renaming of ridings
  1. drawn from parts of Labelle, Prévost and Rousseau
  2. drawn from parts of Groulx and Terrebonne
  3. drawn from parts of Verchères and Iberville


Results

[3]

Elections to the National Assembly of Quebec (1994)
Political party Party leader MNAs Votes
Candidates 1989 1994 ± # ± % ± (pp)
Parti Québécois Jacques Parizeau 125297748Increase1,751,442382,375Increase44.75%4.59Increase
Liberal Daniel Johnson Jr. 125924745Decrease1,737,69834,890Increase44.40%5.55Decrease
Action démocratique Mario Dumont 8011Increase252,721252,721Increase6.46%New
Equality[a 1] Keith Henderson 1744Decrease11,526148,062Decrease0.29%4.39Decrease
Independent 6866,22142,470Increase1.69%0.99Increase
New Democratic Jean-François Sirois 4133,2698,235Decrease0.85%0.37Decrease
Natural Law Allen Faguy 10233,20633,206Increase0.85%New
Parti de la souveraineté du Québec 195,5665,5660.14%New
Green 115,49962,176Decrease0.14%1.85Decrease
Lemon 104,0873,463Decrease0.10%0.12Decrease
CANADA! Tony Kondaks 102,5672,567Increase0.07%New
Republic of Canada 182,258459Increase0.06%0.01Increase
Développement Québec 111,8761,876Increase0.05%New
Parti innovateur du Québec 111,8611,861Increase0.05%New
Parti économique du Québec 91,7591,759Increase0.04%New
Marxist–Leninist 131,1713,074Decrease0.03%0.09Decrease
Communist 101,062254Increase0.03%0.01Increase
Total 680125 125 3,913,789 100.00%
Rejected ballots 78,239 13,920Decrease
Voter turnout 3,992,028 490,960Increase 81.58 5.89Increase
Registered electors 4,893,465 202,775Increase
  1. Results of Unity Party included in 1989 for comparative purposes.
Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)
 Parti Québécois
77 / 125
44.75%
4.79 4.79
 
 Liberal
47 / 125
44.40%
-5.55
 
 Action démocratique
1 / 125
6.46%
6.46 6.46
 
 New Democratic
0 / 125
0.85%
-0.37
 
 Equality
0 / 125
0.29%
-4.39
 
 Green
0 / 125
0.14%
-1.85
 
 Independent
0 / 125
1.69%
0.99 0.99
 
 Other
0 / 125
1.42%
-0.08
 


Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1994 Quebec general election[3][4]
Riding Winning party Turnout
[a 1]
Votes
Name 1989 Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
PQ Lib ADQ NDP NLP Ind Oth Total
 
Abitibi-Est Lib PQ 12,31454.50%3,91717.33%75.70%12,3148,3971,88522,596
Abitibi-Ouest PQ PQ 17,39174.37%11,39848.74%73.83%17,3915,99323,384
Acadie Lib Lib 24,79673.71%18,06053.68%84.33%6,73624,7961,59126825133,642
Anjou Lib PQ 12,45346.60%7562.83%85.53%12,45311,6971,7535371889826,726
Argenteuil Lib Lib 15,27242.59%1,8025.03%81.75%13,47015,2726,62222427035,858
Arthabaska PQ PQ 20,57761.55%9,12627.30%81.23%20,57711,45136990513033,432
Beauce-Nord Lib Lib 10,75245.81%610.26%78.16%10,69110,7521,43459223,469
Beauce-Sud Lib Lib 13,12245.18%1640.56%75.85%12,95813,1228561,54356729,046
Beauharnois-Huntingdon Lib Lib 16,35551.76%3,0429.63%82.43%13,31316,3552421,08560331,598
Bellechasse Lib PQ 10,57046.58%2,31210.19%78.10%10,5708,2583,86522,693
Berthier Lib PQ 19,20653.66%6,21617.37%82.02%19,20612,9902,98425335635,789
Bertrand New Lib 14,55845.61%1460.46%83.37%14,41214,5582,48623822131,915
Blainville New PQ 15,27351.40%5,81319.56%83.38%15,2739,4604,18832247029,713
Bonaventure Lib PQ 12,41152.54%2,3069.76%80.37%12,41110,10592518023,621
Borduas New PQ 15,46155.84%4,81017.37%86.00%15,46110,6511,03753727,686
Bourassa Lib Lib 12,96349.91%2,5409.78%83.29%10,42312,9632,21024613225,974
Bourget Lib PQ 12,66945.41%9823.52%84.45%12,66911,6873,1762739627,901
Brome-Missisquoi Lib Lib 18,40261.12%9,43031.32%84.07%8,97218,4022,03727442330,108
Chambly Lib PQ 19,80048.86%4071.00%87.47%19,80019,39351981040,522
Champlain Lib PQ 14,92942.26%3,98611.28%83.64%14,92910,9438,95327422935,328
Chapleau Lib Lib 25,18163.29%12,61831.71%74.63%12,56325,18198422221961839,787
Charlesbourg Lib PQ 17,90847.01%7,49519.68%84.72%17,90810,4136,0228113752,56138,090
Charlevoix Lib PQ 12,09152.59%3,10513.50%76.34%12,0918,9861,91522,992
Châteauguay Lib Lib 17,42651.29%1,9225.66%87.02%15,50417,42662342433,977
Chauveau Lib PQ 20,10646.54%6,31914.63%81.15%20,10613,7875,4275963,28143,197
Chicoutimi PQ PQ 22,02563.55%13,00437.52%78.27%22,0259,0212,61970628534,656
Chomedey Lib Lib 25,88567.70%16,64643.54%82.18%9,23925,8851,99715096238,233
Chutes-de-la-Chaudière PQ PQ 21,09151.80%11,87129.16%82.88%21,0919,2207,2638342792,02740,714
Crémazie Lib PQ 14,48246.79%4291.39%86.02%14,48214,0531,70333719318030,948
D'Arcy-McGee Eq Lib 21,32565.37%11,26934.54%84.46%1,08421,32515710,05632,622
Deux-Montagnes Lib PQ 20,74248.34%5,68913.26%83.28%20,74215,0536,52328630542,909
Drummond Lib PQ 16,62546.54%4,76613.34%80.42%16,62511,8593,5852963,35535,720
Dubuc PQ PQ 16,75963.50%9,61736.44%77.74%16,7597,1422,16232826,391
Duplessis PQ PQ 15,78860.00%5,26320.00%73.51%15,78810,52526,313
Fabre Lib PQ 17,67944.30%1,1092.78%86.55%17,67916,5705,04325935939,910
Frontenac Lib Lib 14,91652.69%2,3368.25%84.02%12,58014,91681328,309
Gaspé Lib PQ 11,41053.39%3,37715.80%73.51%11,4108,0331,77415621,373
Gatineau Lib Lib 19,04665.05%9,68333.07%77.96%9,36319,04625960929,277
Gouin PQ PQ 17,30556.42%6,36120.74%80.04%17,30510,9441,42826345827430,672
Groulx Lib PQ 15,02746.11%2,6378.09%83.08%15,02712,3904,32818515250832,590
Hochelaga-Maisonneuve PQ PQ 14,85864.78%8,81938.45%75.54%14,8586,0391,24939219020922,937
Hull Lib Lib 19,18456.56%5,23715.44%78.33%13,94719,18423155433,916
Iberville Lib PQ 15,60443.41%1,4644.07%82.96%15,60414,1404,1226451,00442835,943
Îles-de-la-Madeleine Lib Lib 5,45559.98%1,81619.97%86.41%3,6395,4559,094
Jacques-Cartier Eq Lib 32,83983.65%29,39874.89%88.12%3,44132,8392062,771[a 2]39,257
Jeanne-Mance Lib Lib 21,29474.22%14,76051.45%81.52%6,53421,29432254028,690
Jean-Talon Lib Lib 12,22943.90%250.09%88.95%12,20412,2292,0823131308168327,857
Johnson PQ PQ 13,24749.78%1,2464.68%81.13%13,24712,00163073226,610
Joliette PQ PQ 21,90364.71%13,19138.97%83.84%21,9038,7122,65158133,847
Jonquière PQ PQ 22,59869.43%13,89542.69%80.03%22,5988,7031,24832,549
Kamouraska-Témiscouata Lib Lib 10,37342.69%3861.59%73.30%9,98710,3733,22371724,300
Labelle PQ PQ 17,63865.78%9,14434.10%78.27%17,6388,49434034226,814
Lac-Saint-Jean PQ PQ 20,74371.67%13,47446.55%78.58%20,7437,26993128,943
LaFontaine Lib Lib 20,69855.67%7,83621.08%82.87%12,86220,6982,97131633437,181
La Peltrie Lib PQ 20,47549.27%8,56920.62%85.51%20,47511,9066,0034752,70141,560
La Pinière Lib Lib 22,25262.68%10,05728.33%85.84%12,19522,25259745735,501
Laporte Lib Lib 21,16257.79%7,09419.37%85.17%14,06821,1623821,00636,618
La Prairie PQ PQ 23,16455.35%8,44420.18%85.22%23,16414,7203,10337149341,851
L'Assomption PQ PQ 21,80956.04%10,99228.24%85.60%21,80910,8175,92536638,917
Laurier-Dorion New Lib 18,52255.53%6,93020.78%81.65%11,59218,5221,72340927483233,352
Laval-des-Rapides Lib PQ 14,17946.85%1,7335.73%82.68%14,17912,4462,73866923230,264
Laviolette PQ PQ 16,67063.54%9,21235.11%78.66%16,6707,4581,88022626,234
Lévis PQ PQ 20,99872.26%12,93744.52%82.11%20,9988,06129,059
Limoilou Lib PQ 15,09244.42%4,48413.20%79.16%15,09210,6084,0669382,73853733,979
Lotbinière Lib PQ 10,39845.56%2831.24%80.88%10,39810,1152,30822,821
Louis-Hébert Lib PQ 12,90539.37%3,44110.50%85.86%12,9057,8331,8684151249,633[a 3]32,778
Marguerite-Bourgeoys Lib Lib 24,04670.34%16,19647.38%86.07%7,85024,0461,20039222647234,186
Marguerite-D'Youville PQ PQ 19,99558.02%6,90620.04%87.16%19,99513,08955482234,460
Marie-Victorin PQ PQ 17,61156.19%7,39023.58%80.34%17,61110,2212,74937638331,340
Marquette Lib Lib 16,77455.06%5,72818.80%83.57%11,04616,7741,44916457346030,466
Maskinongé Lib PQ 16,04747.56%2,9198.65%81.72%16,04713,1284,26130733,743
Masson PQ PQ 21,48164.19%14,49043.30%82.71%21,4816,9914,38825535133,466
Matane Lib PQ 11,62554.60%4,23019.87%76.95%11,6257,3952,27021,290
Matapédia Lib PQ 12,82658.48%3,71916.96%76.20%12,8269,10721,933
Mégantic-Compton Lib Lib 12,79953.95%2,74811.58%81.03%10,05112,79944443123,725
Mercier PQ PQ 17,52356.48%8,04425.93%80.33%17,5239,4791,6818152591,26931,026
Mille-Îles Lib PQ 17,33745.68%1,3713.61%86.87%17,33715,9664,18229517737,957
Montmagny-L'Islet Lib Lib 10,33944.36%8553.67%75.02%9,48410,3398812,60523,309
Montmorency Lib PQ 22,73455.74%13,06832.04%80.74%22,7349,6662,8755344,82715040,786
Mont-Royal Lib Lib 22,82780.41%19,10067.28%80.07%3,72722,82760514314494328,389
Nelligan Lib Lib 33,80477.16%25,79458.88%86.24%8,01033,8042761,72143,811
Nicolet-Yamaska Lib PQ 13,42750.13%9073.39%84.85%13,42712,52084026,787
Notre-Dame-de-Grâce Eq Lib 21,71673.08%17,96160.44%83.19%3,75521,7164061121,752[a 4]1,97529,716
Orford Lib Lib 19,08251.07%3,78710.13%82.79%15,29519,0822,45429324237,366
Outremont Lib Lib 19,34662.11%9,52830.59%82.11%9,81819,3461,04945326322031,149
Papineau Lib Lib 15,08453.67%3,38112.03%80.97%11,70315,08483617830328,104
Pointe-aux-Trembles PQ PQ 15,99953.77%6,03420.28%82.46%15,9999,9653,46632429,754
Pontiac Lib Lib 23,06680.18%18,88365.64%80.90%4,18323,0661311,38728,767
Portneuf Lib PQ 14,25647.88%3,77612.68%79.80%14,25610,4804,50153729,774
Prévost Lib PQ 17,42550.52%4,11011.92%81.31%17,42513,3152,4991,03321934,491
Richelieu Lib PQ 17,18655.09%4,74515.21%83.23%17,18612,4411,57031,197
Richmond Lib Lib 14,10654.28%4,06115.63%84.11%10,04514,1061,48619715425,988
Rimouski Lib PQ 14,92651.45%2,6279.06%78.33%14,92612,2991,55622729,008
Rivière-du-Loup Lib ADQ 13,30754.77%6,69927.57%83.65%6,6084,22613,307559924,295
Robert-Baldwin Lib Lib 29,86582.98%26,32473.14%85.17%3,54129,8659091231,55235,990
Roberval Lib PQ 18,28160.08%7,05523.18%75.15%18,28111,22692330,430
Rosemont Lib PQ 14,73649.25%2,5008.36%83.71%14,73612,2361,94662622614929,919
Rousseau Lib PQ 16,53253.86%6,69921.82%77.66%16,5329,8333,59563110630,697
Rouyn-Noranda–Témiscamingue PQ PQ 18,16058.62%7,37223.80%77.75%18,16010,7882,03030,978
Saguenay Lib PQ 14,43957.44%7,00427.86%72.47%14,4397,4353,26425,138
Sainte-Marie–Saint-Jacques PQ PQ 16,72354.73%6,66221.80%75.07%16,72310,0611,69162124664756730,556
Saint-François Lib Lib 15,86149.48%2,6168.16%82.20%13,24515,8612,42229423632,058
Saint-Henri-Sainte-Anne New Lib 14,94047.96%6412.06%81.21%14,29914,94099834411245731,150
Saint-Hyacinthe Lib PQ 15,98844.94%1,0923.07%82.53%15,98814,8963,3981,29235,574
Saint-Jean[a 5] Lib PQ 15,68043.79%5321.49%76.53%15,68015,1484,6932048235,807
Saint-Laurent Lib Lib 25,71176.73%20,10960.01%81.83%5,60225,7111,0611547290733,507
Saint-Maurice Lib PQ 13,20247.38%2,1377.67%84.25%13,20211,0653,10623825427,865
Salaberry-Soulanges Lib PQ 19,44848.28%1,0092.51%85.37%19,44818,4391,64432242540,278
Sauvé Lib Lib 13,44753.85%4,18316.75%80.26%9,26413,4471,562453129437224,970
Shefford PQ Lib 17,28245.71%1,3233.50%81.22%15,95917,2824,02836017737,806
Sherbrooke Lib PQ 14,73347.31%1,3914.47%82.27%14,73313,3422,56432617631,141
Taillon PQ PQ 23,31560.99%9,99426.14%81.79%23,31513,32184474638,226
Taschereau Lib PQ 12,30851.86%5,78324.37%78.78%12,3086,5252,0417053321,7418023,732
Terrebonne PQ PQ 19,67160.39%11,44435.13%83.20%19,6718,2274,38928532,572
Trois-Rivières Lib PQ 12,60743.24%6092.09%81.94%12,60711,9984,26728129,153
Ungava PQ PQ 7,27654.19%1,90514.19%51.81%7,2765,37137240713,426
Vachon Lib PQ 15,68548.86%3,53111.00%84.38%15,68512,1543,53630042432,099
Vanier Lib PQ 18,25749.50%8,79923.85%80.39%18,2579,4584,9061,0543,00820336,886
Vaudreuil Lib Lib 24,84959.50%9,10721.81%87.19%15,74224,84932484641,761
Verchères PQ PQ 16,30857.77%8,13128.81%83.11%16,3088,1773,35638628,227
Verdun Lib Lib 18,39254.57%6,42919.07%81.89%11,963[a 6]18,3922,32736816748933,706
Viau Lib Lib 17,94663.19%9,48333.39%79.73%8,46317,9461,48229121828,400
Viger Lib Lib 18,74364.27%10,21435.02%84.12%8,52918,7431,48522318529,165
Vimont Lib PQ 18,98544.88%1280.30%86.44%18,98518,8572,7831,14227925742,303
Westmount-Saint-Louis New Lib 26,47879.20%22,10066.10%77.87%4,37826,478741239100241,47333,433
  1. including spoilt ballots
  2. The incumbent Neil Cameron (Equality Party) received 2,415 votes
  3. André Arthur came in second, with 9,464 votes
  4. The incumbent Gordon Atkinson (formerly of the Equality Party) received 1,628 votes
  5. Results for byelection held on October 24, 1994. Initial vote ended in a tie, which was declared void.
  6. Richard Holden was previously elected under the Equality Party banner in Westmount, before becoming a péquiste in 1992.
  = open seat
  = turnout is above provincial average
  = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
  = incumbent had switched allegiance
  = previously incumbent in another riding
  = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
  = incumbency arose from byelection gain
  = other incumbents renominated
  = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
  = multiple candidates

Analysis

Seating arrangement in the 35th National Assembly
Party candidates in 2nd place[3]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
PQLibInd
Parti Québécois 76177
Liberal 46147
Action démocratique 11
Total 47762125
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party[3]
Parties1st2nd3rd4th5th
 Parti Québécois 77471
 Liberal 47762
 Action démocratique 1762
 Independent 29148
 Natural Law 10426
 New Democratic 8229
 Equality 584
 Green 441
 Lemon 342
 Parti innovateur du Québec 114
 Parti de la souveraineté du Québec 74
 Développement Québec 21
 CANADA! 16
 Parti économique du Québec 6
 Republic of Canada 5
 Marxist–Leninist 1
 Communist 1
Resulting composition of the 35th Quebec Legislative Assembly[4]
SourceParty
PQ Lib ADQ Total
Seats retainedIncumbents returned 242751
Open seats held 41216
Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated 18321
Open seats gained 24125
Byelection gains held 516
New seatsNew MNAs 22
Previously incumbent in another riding 44
Total 77471125

See also

References

  1. "Quebec votes 2003 - Riding Profiles: Saint-Jean". CBC News.
  2. "Historique des circonscriptions du Québec" [History of Quebec's electoral districts]. electionsquebec.qc.ca (in French). Retrieved December 26, 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Drouilly, Pierre (December 4, 2017). "Élections québécoises de 1994". donneesquebec.ca. Atlas des élections au Québec.
  4. 1 2 "Les membres de l'Assemblée nationale par circonscription" [National Assembly members by riding] (in French). National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved September 13, 2023.

Further reading

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