Modifier Tone Letters
RangeU+A700..U+A71F
(32 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsCommon
Symbol setsTone marks
Assigned32 code points
Unused0 reserved code points
Unicode version history
4.1 (2005)23 (+23)
5.0 (2006)27 (+4)
5.1 (2008)32 (+5)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1][2]

Modifier Tone Letters is a Unicode block containing tone markings for Chinese, Chinantec, Africanist, and other phonetic transcriptions. It does not contain the standard IPA tone marks, which are found in Spacing Modifier Letters.

⟨꜀◌ ꜁◌ ꜂◌ ꜃◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜅ ◌꜆ ◌꜇⟩ are used to mark yin and (underlined) yang splits of the ping, shang, qu and ru tones, respectively, in the etymological four-tone analysis of Chinese. The dotted tone letters ⟨꜈ ꜉ ꜊ ꜋ ꜌⟩ are used for the pitch of neutral tones, while the reversed tone letters ⟨꜒ ꜓ ꜔ ꜕ ꜖⟩ and neutral ⟨꜍ ꜎ ꜏ ꜐ ꜑⟩ are used for tone sandhi. ⟨◌ꜗ ◌ꜘ ◌ꜙ ◌ꜚ⟩ are used in Ozumacín Chinantec. ⟨ꜛ ꜜ⟩ are the IPA diacritics for upstep and downstep, while ⟨ꜝ ꜞ ꜟ⟩ are substitutes people used before broad font support of the IPA, and still preferred by some. ⟨ꜛ ꜜ ꜝ ꜞ ꜟ⟩ can also be used for superscript modifiers.

Block

Modifier Tone Letters[1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+A70x ꜀ ꜁ ꜂ ꜃ ꜄ ꜅ ꜆ ꜇ ꜈ ꜉ ꜊ ꜋ ꜌ ꜍ ꜎ ꜏
U+A71x ꜐ ꜑ ꜒ ꜓ ꜔ ꜕ ꜖ ꜗ ꜘ ꜙ ꜚ ꜛ ꜜ ꜝ ꜞ ꜟ
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Modifier Tone Letters block:

VersionFinal code points[lower-alpha 1]CountL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
4.1U+A700..A71623L2/03-317N2626Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritical Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP, 2003-09-27
L2/03-339N2646Constable, Peter (2003-10-08), Comments on N2626, Proposal on IPA Extensions and Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP
L2/03-372N2673Anderson, Deborah (2003-10-22), Comments on N2626, "Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO 10646 in BMP"
L2/04-107N2713Revised Proposal for encoding A Supplemented Set of IPA Combining Marks, Modifier Letters & Five-Degree Contour Tone Marks, 2004-03-20
L2/04-156R2Moore, Lisa (2004-08-13), "Supplemental set of IPA combing marks, modifier letters, and five-degree contour tone marks (A.7)", UTC #99 Minutes
5.0U+A717..A71A4L2/04-246RPriest, Lorna (2004-07-26), Revised Proposal for Additional Latin Phonetic and Orthographic Characters
L2/04-349Priest, Lorna (2004-08-27), Proposal to Encode Chinantec Tone Marks and Orthographic 'at' Characters
L2/04-349RN2883Priest, Lorna (2004-12-09), Proposal to Encode Chinantec Tone Marks
5.1U+A71B..A71F5N2945Priest, Lorna; Constable, Peter (2005-08-09), Proposal to Encode Additional Latin Phonetic and Orthographic Characters
N2953 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-02-16), "7.2.8", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 47, Sophia Antipolis, France; 2005-09-12/15
N3103 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-08-25), "M48.1", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006-04-24/27
  1. ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
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