Pure CSS requiring many extra wrappers
UPDATED: Original posting (which I deleted) missed the fact that you were seeking a responsive design. Building upon my answer for the responsive circles question you reference seems to work in all CSS3 browsers, see fiddle.
HTML (requiring five levels of wrapper, I only show one circle in this html)
<div class="circles">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<!-- BEG Content -->
All types of content (see fiddle)
<!-- END Content -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ditto the above 3 more times -->
</div>
CSS
.circles{
margin:0px auto;
}
.circles > div {
overflow:hidden;
float:left;
width:auto;
height:auto;
position: relative;
border-radius:50%;
-moz-border-radius:50%;
-webkit-border-radius:50%;
-khtml-border-radius: 50%;
background:#eee;
}
.circles > div > div {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
}
.circles > div > div > div {
display: table;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.circles > div > div > div > div {
display: table-cell;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
@media (max-width: 320px)
{
.circles > div {padding: 50%;}
}
@media (min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 800px)
{
.circles > div {padding: 25%;}
}
@media (min-width: 801px)
{
.circles{width:800px}
.circles > div {padding: 12.5%;}
}