12

I would really like to see a proportional font IDE, even if I have to build it myself (perhaps as an extension to Visual Studio). What I basically mean is MS Word style editing of code that sort of looks like the typographical style in The C++ Programming Language book.

I want to set tab stops for my indents and lining up function signatures and rows of assignment statements, which could be specified in points instead of fixed character positions. I would also like bold and italics. Various font sizes and even style sheets would be cool.

Has anyone seen anything like this out there or know the best way to start building one?

Paŭlo Ebermann
  • 73,284
  • 20
  • 146
  • 210
Mark Cidade
  • 98,437
  • 31
  • 224
  • 236
  • I am building a prototype for python code renderer from scratch. Despite it looks like an easy task in theory, it could take months/years to turn it to a real editor. But I am sure I will not need italics or anything beyond ASCII characters. For me most important is, it must be independent from system fonts and so I can create/edit the font without special software. This also needs new definitions of font itself, and so on. I don't even tell about many other things like syntax highlighting... – Mikhail V Jul 10 '16 at 00:07

13 Answers13

17

I'd still like to see a popular editor or IDE implement elastic tabstops.

Sören Kuklau
  • 19,454
  • 7
  • 52
  • 86
6

Thinking with Style suggests to use your favorite text-manipulation software like Word or Writer. Create your programme code in rich XML and extract the compiler-relevant sections with XSLT. The "Office" software will provide all advanced text-manipulation and formatting features.

Andreas Scherer
  • 171
  • 2
  • 5
  • This is prety neat. I would love to see a full-blown IDE built on top of a word-processing package complete with automatic code intelligence features like intellisense and advanced code mining/search features, compilation/launching/debugging support, that most of the programmer crowd has come to expect from an IDE – Roland Tepp May 18 '11 at 09:27
4

i expected you'll get down-modded and picked on for that suggestion, but there's some real sense to the idea.

The main advantage of the traditional 'non-proportional' font requirement in code editors is to ease the burden of performing code formatting.

But with all of the interactive automatic formatting that occurs in modern IDE's, it's really possible that a proportional font could improve the readability of the code (rather than hampering it, as i'm sure many purists would expect).

A character called Roedy Green (famous for his 'how to write unmaintainable code' articles) wrote about a theoretical editor/language, based on Java and called Bali. It didn't include non-proportional fonts exactly, but it did include the idea of having non-uniform font-sizes.

Also, this short Joel Spolsky post posts to a solution, elastic tab stops (as mentioned by another commentor) that would help with the support of non-proportional (and variable sized) fonts.

Leon Bambrick
  • 26,009
  • 9
  • 51
  • 75
  • I don't think purism has as much to do with it as personal preference. I almost always prefer a fixed-width font for any type of reading, especially for reading computer programs. Anyone who prefers proportional fonts should definitely use whichever they like best. The problem arises when someone tries to claim there is an objectively "better" font type to use. As with all objective claims, they depend _entirely_ on one's personally defined goals. – SO_fix_the_vote_sorting_bug Apr 03 '21 at 15:24
3

@Thomas Owens

I don't find code formatted like that easier to read.

That's fine, it is just a personal preference and we can disagree. Format it the way you think is best and I'll respect it. I frequently ask myself 'how should I format this or that thing?' My answer is always to format it to improve readability, which I admit can be subjective.

Regarding your sample, I just like having that nicely aligned column on the right hand side, its sort of a quick "index" into the code on the left. Having said that, I would probably avoid commenting every line like that anyway because the code itself shouldn't need that much explanation. And if it does I tend to write a paragraph above the code.

But consider this example from the original poster. Its easier to spot the comments in the second one in my opinion.

for (size-type i = 0; i<v.size(); i++) { // rehash:
    size-type ii = has(v[i].key)%b.size9); // hash
    v[i].next = b[ii]; // link
    b[ii] = &v[i];
}

for (size-type i = 0; i<v.size(); i++) {     // rehash:
    size-type ii = has(v[i].key)%b.size9);   // hash
    v[i].next = b[ii];                       // link
    b[ii] = &v[i];
}
Brian Ensink
  • 11,092
  • 3
  • 50
  • 63
  • Great example - the '//link' comment gets lost in the first example. A casual scan of the code might miss it completely. – slim Oct 20 '08 at 08:37
  • That's not a good example for me, our standards require comments get their own line, and they are a different color anyway. I'd rather have more characters per line. – dwidel Feb 21 '12 at 22:43
2

@Thomas Owens

But do people really line comments up like that? ... I never try to line up declarations or comments or anything, and the only place I've ever seen that is in textbooks.

Yes people do line up comments and declarations and all sorts of things. Consistently well formatted code is easier to read and code that is easier to read is easier to maintain.

Brian Ensink
  • 11,092
  • 3
  • 50
  • 63
2

I wonder why nobody actually answers your question, and why the accepted answer doesn't really have anything to do with your question. But anyway...

a proportional font IDE

In Eclipse you can cchoose any font on your system.

set tab stops for my indents

In Eclipse you can configure the automatic indentation, including setting it to "tabs only".

lining up function signatures and rows of assignment statements

In Eclipse, automatic indentation does that.

which could be specified in points instead of fixed character positions.

Sorry, I don't think Eclipse can help you there. But it is open source. ;-)

bold and italics

Eclipse has that.

Various font sizes and even style sheets would be cool

I think Eclipse only uses one font and font-size for each file type (for example Java source file), but you can have different "style sheets" for different file types.

myplacedk
  • 1,574
  • 2
  • 14
  • 19
  • The accepted answer is the closest that comes to what I want ("Does anyone know the best way to start building one?"). I don't want to just insert fixed-length tabs. I want variable-length tabs on a per-line basis like in a word processor. I don't want the IDE to indent for me—my indents are complex – Mark Cidade Oct 20 '08 at 08:20
  • Ah. :) I didn't get that from your image, it looks just like plain old indentation to me. – myplacedk Oct 20 '08 at 12:35
1

When I last looked at Eclipse (some time ago now!) it allowed you to choose any installed font to work in. Not so sure whether it supported the notion of indenting using tab stops.

It looked cool, but the code was definitely harder to read...

Andrew
  • 635
  • 5
  • 11
1

Soeren: That's kind of neat, IMO. But do people really line comments up like that? For my end of line comments, I always use a single space then // or /* or equivalent, depending on language I'm using. I never try to line up declarations or comments or anything, and the only place I've ever seen that is in textbooks.

Thomas Owens
  • 114,398
  • 98
  • 311
  • 431
1

@Brian Ensink: I don't find code formatted like that easier to read.

int var1 = 1 //Comment
int longerVar = 2 //Comment
int anotherVar = 4 //Command

versus

int var2       = 1 //Comment
int longerVar  = 2 //Comment
int anotherVar = 4 //Comment

I find the first lines easier to read than the second lines, personally.

Thomas Owens
  • 114,398
  • 98
  • 311
  • 431
1

The indentation part of your question is being done today in a real product, though possibly to even a greater level of automation than you imagined, the product I mention is an XSLT IDE, but the same formatting principles would work with most (but not all) conventional code syntaxes.

This really has to be seen in video to get the sense of it all (sorry about the music back-track). There's also a light XML editor spin-off product, XMLQuire, that serves as a technology demonstrator.

The screenshot below shows XML formatted with quite complex formatting rules in this XSLT IDE, where all indentation is performed word-processor style, using the left margin - not space or tab characters.

enter image description here

To emphasise this formatting concept, all characters have been highlighted to show where the left-margin extends to keep indentation. I use the term Virtual Formatting to describe this - it's not like elastic tab stops, because there simply are no tabs, just margin information which is part of the 'paragraph' formatting (RTF codes are used here). The parser reformats continuously, in the same pass as syntax coloring.

A proportional font hasn't been used here, but it could have been quite easily - because the indentation is set in TWIPS. The editing experience is quite compelling because, as you refactor the code (XML in this case), perhaps through drag and drop, or by extending the length of an attribute value, the indentation just re-flows itself to fit - there's no tab-key or 'reformat' button to press.

So, the indentation is there, but the font work is a more complex problem. I've experimented with this, but found that if fonts are re-selected as you type, the horizontal shifting of the code is too distracting - there would need to be a user-initiated 'format fonts' command probably. The product also has Ink/Handwriting technology built-in for annotating code, but I've yet to exploit this in the live release.

pgfearo
  • 2,087
  • 1
  • 22
  • 27
0

Let me recall arguments about using the 'var' keyword in C#. People hated it, and thought it would make code less clear. For example, you couldn't know the type in something like:

var x = GetResults("Main");
foreach(var y in x)
{
   WriteResult(x);
}

Their argument was, that you couln't see if x was an array, an List or any other IEnumerable. Or what the type of y was. In my opinion the unclearity did not arise from using var, but from picking unclear variable names. Why not just type:

var electionResults = GetRegionalElactionResults("Main");
foreach(var result in electionResults)
{
   Write(result); // you can see what you're writing!!
}

"But you still cannot see the type of electionResults!" - does it really matter? If you want to change the return type of GetRegionalElectionResults, you can do so. Any IEnumerable will do.

Fast forward to now. People want to align comments en similar code:

int var2       =  1; //The number of days since startup, including the first
int longerVar  =  2; //The number of free days per week
int anotherVar = 38; //The number of working hours per week

So without the comment everything is unclear. And if you don't align the values, you cannot seperate them from the variales. But do you? What about this (ignore the bullets please)

  • int daysSinceStartup = 1; // including first
  • int freeDaysPerWeek = 2;
  • int workingHoursPerWeek = 38;

If you need a comment on EVERY LINE, you're doing something wrong. "But you still need to align the VALUES" - do you? what does 38 have to do with 2?

In C# Most code blocks can easily be aligned using only tabs (or acually, multiples of four spaces):

  • var regionsWithIncrease =
    • from result in GetRegionalElectionResults()
    • where result.TotalCount > result > PreviousTotalCount &&
      • result.PreviousTotalCount > 0 // just new regions
    • select result.Region;
  • foreach (var region in regionsWithIncrease)
  • {
    • Write(region);
  • }

You should never use line-to-line comments and you should rarely need to vertically align things. Rarely, not never. So I understand if some of you guys prefer a monospaced font. I prefer the readibility of font Noto Sans or Source Sans Pro. These fonts are available freely from Google, and resemble Calibri, but are designed for programming and thus have all the neccesary characteristics:

  • Big : ; . , so you can clearly see the difference
  • Clearly distinct 0Oo and distinct Il|
realbart
  • 3,497
  • 1
  • 25
  • 37
0

Folks are all complaining about comments not lining up.

Seems to me that there's a very simple solution: Define the unit space as the widest character in the font. Now, proportionally space all characters except the space. the space takes up as much room so as to line up the next character where it would be if all preceeding characters on the line were the widest in the font.

ie:

iiii_space_Foo

xxxx_space_Foo

would line up the "Foo", with the space after the "i" being much wider than after the "x".

So call it elastic spaces. rather than tab-stops.

If you're a smart editor, treat comments specially, but that's just gravy

  • 1
    That would unfortunately defeat the purpose of using a proportional-width font. Just try doing this, it will probably be harder to read than a fixed-width font. – Karl Jul 28 '11 at 18:25
  • 1
    This is much like what the Macintosh used to do when printing documents in "draft" mode on the Imagewriter; it would print using monospaced fonts, but add spaces so that words in the printed document would end up more or less in about the same place as they would with a proportional font. The results could only be described as hideous. – supercat Dec 27 '11 at 06:07
-1

The major problem with proportional fonts is they destroy the vertical alignment of the code and this is a fairly major loss when it comes to writing code.

The vertical alignment makes it possible to manipulate rectangular blocks of code that span multiple lines by allowing block operations like cut, copy, paste, delete and indent, unindent etc to be easily performed.

As an example consider this snippet of code:

a1 = a111;
B2 = aaaa;
c3 = AAAA;
w4 = wwWW;
W4 = WWWW;

In a mono-spaced font the = and the ; all line up.

Now if this text is loded into Word and display using a proportional font the text effectively turns into this:

NOTE: Extra white space added to show how the = and ; no longer line up:

a1 = a1 1 1;
B2  = aaaa;
c3 = A A A A;
w4 = w w W  W;
W4  = W W W  W;

With the vertical alignment gone those nice blocks of code effectively disappear.

Also because the cursor is no longer guaranteed to move vertically (i.e. the column number is not always constant from one line to the next) it makes it more difficult to write throw away macro scripts designed to manipulated similar looking lines.

jussij
  • 10,370
  • 1
  • 33
  • 49
  • 1
    In my question I state that "I want to set tab stops for my indents and lining up function signatures and rows of assignment statements." A proportional editor can be (optionally) smart about converting to/from fixed space upon copy/paste and cursor navigation(down will always stay on same column) – Mark Cidade Oct 20 '08 at 08:00
  • In the sample pseudo code I gave there are no tabs only and a single white space, so no amount of tabs stops are going to make the text line up on the screeen. The location of the ; will vary from line to line and at least for me and the way I code, that is a show stopper. – jussij Oct 20 '08 at 08:19
  • 3
    The "=" and ";" characters no longer line up: this is true, but I think it's not a good example. Realistically, how often do you have many rows of assignment statements with all the variable names having the same length, and all the rest of the statements also having the same length? If they have differing lengths, and you want the "=" characters to line up, you can use a tab, as he desires, and everything works anyway. (And if you're spending time lining up your ";" line terminators...well, your time is probably better spent elsewhere.) – Beska Jun 19 '09 at 14:32
  • sorry, bold -1. The fact that some things does not align as you expect, means only that you for some reason drawing too much attention to that, and nothing else. – Mikhail V Mar 25 '17 at 00:29