How to create a Linux executable file using python code

Question

For an example I have created welcomeGUI.py file with has a simple GUI as follows using Tkinter.

from Tkinter import *
import ttk

class Application():

    def __init__(self, master):
        frame = Create_widgets(master)
        frame.pack()

class Create_widgets(Frame):

    def __init__(self, master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)

        self.toplabel = Label(master, text="Welcome!", font=('cambria', 20, 'bold'),
                         fg="white", bg="Midnight Blue")
        self.toplabel.pack(fill=X, ipady=100)

        statuslabel = Label(master, bg="Midnight Blue")
        statuslabel.pack(fill=X)
        self.midlabel = Label(master, text="Device ready,connect a flash drive to continue...",
                         font=('Ubuntu-L', 12), fg= "white", bg="Midnight Blue", anchor="n")
        self.midlabel.pack(fill=X, ipady=5)

        bottomlabel = Label(master, bg="Gainsboro")
        bottomlabel.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)

        button1 = ttk.Button(bottomlabel, text="Close")
        button1.pack(side=BOTTOM)

#**** Main ****

root = Tk()
root.title("Projector Plus")
root.configure(bg="Midnight Blue")
root.minsize(550, 550)

pro = Application(root)

root.mainloop()

Then I need to create this file that can be installed on Ubuntu(To create an executable file on Ubuntu). In Windows this is done very easily with .exe file(Using cx-Freeze). Really I have no idea about the file system of Ubuntu and shell files.

Please help me to get an idea about this problem. I don't have any idea how to enter this matter.

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12089254/distribute-python-code-as-executable-for-mac-windows-linux?rq=1 This link could be of assistance. — lpapez, May 10 '15 at 09:41
@PadraicCunningham Yep, including other libs in OpenCV? How do I bundle them in to one executable file? — RYJ, May 10 '15 at 10:45
Having opencv as a dependency won't be easy, it has dependencies of it's own. — Padraic Cunningham, May 10 '15 at 11:05

score 3 · Accepted Answer · answered May 10 '15 at 09:43

3

Basically, to make a file executable in Unix systems, you just have to do one thing: allow it to be executed (very surprising ;) ). To do it, you must use the chmod command as follows: chmod +x youfile.py. The +x add the right to be executed.

Now, your system will allow you to execute the script, but for now it's just a simple text file... Ubuntu doesn't know that he must use the python command to run it, so you'll have undermined comportment. To resolve this, we use the sha-bang line (for more information, see the wikipedia page): at the first line of your script, you must write #! program_to_use, in your case it's python. Generally, we take benefit of the env variables, and use #! /usr/bin/env python, but you can also choose yourself the version of python you want, doing #! /usr/bin/pythonX.X where X.X is the version of python.

answered May 10 '15 at 09:43

Spirine

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This works well in Ubuntu. But what I should do if I used some codes with OpenCV in my welcomeGUI.py and run this code on Raspberry Pi( without installing OpenCV in Raspberry Pi ) ? Should I install OpenCV in Raspberry Pi or is there any alternative ways to do that task ? – RYJ May 10 '15 at 10:36
I've never used OpenCV, but you could either install it using pip, if your raspberry is connected to the internet, or try to create a standalone python (see [here](https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/wiki) for example). Finally, you can try to pick up the openCV files (in /use/lib maybe) and copy them with your executable: it may work. – Spirine May 10 '15 at 10:54
the notion of executable(main meaning) has nothing to do with Unix. it is only a Turing machine code(aka machine code) that is to be run DIRECTLY on a universal Turing Machine which we modernly call computer(it's actually processor). Everything that really executes does so in a machine code. +x permission on Linux has nothing to do with it: a perfectly readable bash text script should be made runnable and is obviously not a machine executable. – iantonuk Oct 05 '16 at 02:59

Iron Fist · Answer 2 · 2015-05-10T10:16:25.037

0

1 - Add on the top of your file this line: #!/bin/env python (This may differ depending on your ENV variable)

2 - make your file executable by:

a - In Unix system, run the following command:

      `chmod +x myfile.py`

b - In Windows System, you can use the utility py2exe found on http://www.py2exe.org/

How to create a Linux executable file using python code

2 Answers2