I've had some problems sometimes registering some WP devices as developer devices. I've never had this particular error, but maybe this will work.
Check my answer on this question -
Windows Phone deploy Issue
When the device is connected to the computer, in the taskbar click in the icon which shows that a device is connected (the one where you can "Safely remove" the device) and right click on it and select the show devices and printers option. When it opens, you will see all the windows phone devices you have connected to the computer. Disconnect your device and uninstall it and its drivers by selecting the appropriate option after right clicking on it.
Connect it again, it should now install its drivers again.