This question was answered in 2009 by suggesting Firebug.
But the "Current stable: 2.0.7" "Firebug for Firefox" is "Compatible with: Firefox 30-37", and Firefox on OS X is at 40.0.
Is the answer to this question in late 2015 still Firebug?
Update: For the sake of desktop developers, if you're an experienced web developer who does not use (or no longer uses) Firebug, please suggest your favorite tool and, if you're feeling generous, point out to how: 1- one can set a breakpoint, 2- one can run and inspect a variable at that breakpoint.