The backstack stays intact for the task in hand. It will always stay in task and whenever the user presses the back button, it will go through the back stack like popping the last item. However, not all the activities in the stack are in the foreground. Usually, only the last item put into the back stack (the top of the stack) is in the foreground and if there are multiple apps/tasks open this may not even be true. Here is a great diagram to show this. 
Now, lets say a user opens a task with a couple of activities in its back stack. The top activity is in the foreground and is running normally, but to preserve memory the other activities were destroyed. So now when the user presses the back button, the task knows what activity was in the back stack and knows it is now destroyed. So, it will recreate it following the Activities lifecycle and any data that was in it will be lost. One way to preserve it (mentioned by original answer) is using the onSaveInstanceState()
and onRestoreInstanceState()
, which save things in a bundle that Android preserves for the user so data can be saved. All of this information can be found in the docs. To answer your question more clearly, yes you will be in the activity you think you would be in, but you can treat it as a new instance of that activity and to recover the data from before to display it in the same way, you should use bundle and implement the methods aforementioned.