So in the .ssh directory, there is a file named "id_rsa" which is the private key file.
It contains the encrypted private key, and and encryption algorithm (AES128-CBC) as well as the Initialization Vector.
I understand that it gets decrypted automatically when you enter your passphrase and I understand that the decryption algorithm takes in the encrypted private key, and the passphrase (as the key), as well as the IV (I am given this already).
I just want to know how the passphrase is padded? Cause AES 128 takes in a key size of 128 bits, and a passphrase is usually a lot smaller than that.
I am trying to manually decrypt my private key (for learning purposes) . The only missing thing I have, is how I should pad my "passphrase" so I can pass it in the encryption algorithm.
Basically, to sum it all up, how is a passphrase which is a string converted to a 128 bit (16 byte) key?