Invalid hook call. Hooks can only be called inside of the body of a function component

Question

I want to show some records in a table using React but I got this error:

Invalid hook call. Hooks can only be called inside of the body of a function component. This could happen for one of the following reasons:

1. You might have mismatching versions of React and the renderer (such as React DOM)
2. You might be breaking the Rules of Hooks
3. You might have more than one copy of React in the same app See for tips about how to debug and fix this problem.

import React, {
  Component
} from 'react';
import {
  makeStyles
} from '@material-ui/core/styles';
import Table from '@material-ui/core/Table';
import TableBody from '@material-ui/core/TableBody';
import TableCell from '@material-ui/core/TableCell';
import TableHead from '@material-ui/core/TableHead';
import TableRow from '@material-ui/core/TableRow';
import Paper from '@material-ui/core/Paper';

const useStyles = makeStyles(theme => ({
  root: {
    width: '100%',
    marginTop: theme.spacing(3),
    overflowX: 'auto',
  },
  table: {
    minWidth: 650,
  },
}));

class allowance extends Component {
  constructor() {
    super();
    this.state = {
      allowances: [],
    };

  }

  componentWillMount() {
    fetch('http://127.0.0.1:8000/allowances')
      .then(data => {

        return data.json();

      }).then(data => {

        this.setState({
          allowances: data
        });

        console.log("allowance state", this.state.allowances);
      })

  }



  render() {
    const classes = useStyles();
    return ( <
      Paper className = {
        classes.root
      } >
      <
      Table className = {
        classes.table
      } >
      <
      TableHead >
      <
      TableRow >
      <
      TableCell > Allow ID < /TableCell> <
      TableCell align = "right" > Description < /TableCell> <
      TableCell align = "right" > Allow Amount < /TableCell> <
      TableCell align = "right" > AllowType < /TableCell>

      <
      /TableRow> <
      /TableHead> <
      TableBody > {
        this.state.allowances.map(row => ( <
          TableRow key = {
            row.id
          } >
          <
          TableCell component = "th"
          scope = "row" > {
            row.AllowID
          } <
          /TableCell> <
          TableCell align = "right" > {
            row.AllowDesc
          } < /TableCell> <
          TableCell align = "right" > {
            row.AllowAmt
          } < /TableCell> <
          TableCell align = "right" > {
            row.AllowType
          } < /TableCell>                     <
          /TableRow>
        ))
      } <
      /TableBody> <
      /Table> <
      /Paper>
    );
  }

}

export default allowance;

Answer 1

I had this issue when I used npm link to install my local library, which I've built using cra. I found the answer here. Which literally says:

This problem can also come up when you use npm link or an equivalent. In that case, your bundler might “see” two Reacts — one in application folder and one in your library folder. Assuming 'myapp' and 'mylib' are sibling folders, one possible fix is to run 'npm link ../myapp/node_modules/react' from 'mylib'. This should make the library use the application’s React copy.

Thus, running the command: npm link <path_to_local_library>/node_modules/react, eg. in my case npm link ../../libraries/core/decipher/node_modules/react from the project directory has fixed the issue.

Answer 2

You can only call hooks from React functions. Read more here.

Just convert the Allowance class component to a functional component.

Working CodeSandbox demo.

const Allowance = () => {
  const [allowances, setAllowances] = useState([]);

  useEffect(() => {
    fetch("http://127.0.0.1:8000/allowances")
      .then(data => {
        return data.json();
      })
      .then(data => {
        setAllowances(data);
      })
      .catch(err => {
        console.log(123123);
      });
  }, []);

  const classes = useStyles();
  return ( <
    Paper className = {
      classes.root
    } >
    <
    Table className = {
      classes.table
    } >
    <
    TableHead >
    <
    TableRow >
    <
    TableCell > Allow ID < /TableCell> <
    TableCell align = "right" > Description < /TableCell> <
    TableCell align = "right" > Allow Amount < /TableCell> <
    TableCell align = "right" > AllowType < /TableCell> <
    /TableRow> <
    /TableHead> <
    TableBody > {
      allowances.map(row => ( <
        TableRow key = {
          row.id
        } >
        <
        TableCell component = "th"
        scope = "row" > {
          row.AllowID
        } <
        /TableCell> <
        TableCell align = "right" > {
          row.AllowDesc
        } < /TableCell> <
        TableCell align = "right" > {
          row.AllowAmt
        } < /TableCell> <
        TableCell align = "right" > {
          row.AllowType
        } < /TableCell> <
        /TableRow>
      ))
    } <
    /TableBody> <
    /Table> <
    /Paper>
  );
};

export default Allowance;

Answer 3

You can use "export default" by calling an Arrow Function that returns its React.Component by passing it through the MaterialUI class object props, which in turn will be used within the Component render ().

class AllowanceClass extends Component{
    ...
    render() {
        const classes = this.props.classes;
        ...
    }
}

export default () => {
    const classes = useStyles();
    return (
        <AllowanceClass classes={classes} />
    )
}

Answer 4

For me , the error was calling the function useState outside the function default exported

Answer 5

React linter assumes every method starting with use as hooks and hooks doesn't work inside classes. by renaming const useStyles into anything else that doesn't starts with use like const myStyles you are good to go.

Update:

makeStyles is hook api and you can't use that inside classes. you can use styled components API. see here

Answer 6

Yesterday, I shortened the code (just added <Provider store={store}>) and still got this invalid hook call problem. This made me suddenly realized what mistake I did: I didn't install the react-redux software in that folder.

I had installed this software in the other project folder, so I didn't realize this one also needed it. After installing it, the error is gone.

Answer 7

add this to your package.json

"peerDependencies": {
   "react": ">=16.8.0",
   "react-dom": ">=16.8.0"
}

source:https://robkendal.co.uk/blog/2019-12-22-solving-react-hooks-invalid-hook-call-warning

Answer 8

This error can also occur when you make the mistake of declaring useDispatch from react-redux the wrong way: when you go:
const dispatch = useDispatch instead of:
const dispatch = useDispatch(); (i.e remember to add the parenthesis)

Answer 9

In my case, I was passing Component Name in FlatList's renderItem prop instead of function. It was working earlier as my component was a functional component but when I added hooks in it, it failed.

Before:

    <FlatList
        data={memberList}
        renderItem={<MemberItem/>}
        keyExtractor={member => member.name.split(' ').join('')}
        ListEmptyComponent={
          <Text style={{textAlign: 'center', padding: 30}}>
            No Data: Click above button to fetch data
          </Text>
        }
      />

After:

    <FlatList
        data={memberList}
        renderItem={({item, index}) => <MemberItem item={item} key={index} />}
        keyExtractor={member => member.name.split(' ').join('')}
        ListEmptyComponent={
          <Text style={{textAlign: 'center', padding: 30}}>
            No Data: Click above button to fetch data
          </Text>
        }
      />

Answer 10

complementing the following comment

For those who use redux:

class AllowanceClass extends Component{
    ...
    render() {
        const classes = this.props.classes;
        ...
    }
}
    
const COMAllowanceClass = (props) =>
{
    const classes = useStyles();
    return (<AllowanceClass classes={classes} {...props} />);
};

const mapStateToProps = ({ InfoReducer }) => ({
    token: InfoReducer.token,
    user: InfoReducer.user,
    error: InfoReducer.error
});
export default connect(mapStateToProps, { actions })(COMAllowanceClass);

Answer 11

I have just started using hooks and I got the above warning when i was calling useEffect inside a function:

Then I have to move the useEffect outside of the function as belows:

 const onChangeRetypePassword = async value => {
  await setRePassword(value);
//previously useEffect was here

  };
//useEffect outside of func 

 useEffect(() => {
  if (password !== rePassword) {
  setPasswdMismatch(true);

     } 
  else{
    setPasswdMismatch(false);
 }
}, [rePassword]);

Hope it will be helpful to someone !

Answer 12

Different versions of react between my shared libraries seemed to be the problem (16 and 17), changed both to 16.

Answer 13

You can convert class component to hooks,but Material v4 has a withStyles HOC. https://material-ui.com/styles/basics/#higher-order-component-api Using this HOC you can keep your code unchanged.

Answer 14

In my case, it was just this single line of code here which was on my App.js that caused this and made me lose 10 hours in debugging. The React Native and Expo could not point me to this. I did everything that was on StackOverflow and github and even the react page that was supposed to solve this and the issue persisted. I had o start taking my code apart bit by bit to get to the culprit

 **const window = useWindowDimensions();**

It was placed like this:

import * as React from 'react';
import { Text, View, StyleSheet, ImageBackground, StatusBar, Image, Alert, SafeAreaView, Button, TouchableOpacity, useWindowDimensions } from 'react-native';
import Constants from 'expo-constants';

import Whooksplashscreen11 from './Page1';
import Screen1 from './LoginPage';
import Loginscreen from './Login';
import RegisterScreen1 from './register1';
import RegisterScreen2 from './register2-verifnum';
import RegisterScreen3 from './register3';
import RegisterScreen4 from './register4';
import RegisterScreen5 from './register5';
import RegisterScreen6 from './register6';
import BouncyCheckbox from "react-native-bouncy-checkbox";
import LocationPermission from './LocationPermission.js'
import Selfieverif1 from './selfieverif1'
import Selfieverif2 from './selfieverif2'
import AddPhotos from './addphotos'


// You can import from local files
import { useFonts } from 'expo-font';

// or any pure javascript modules available in npm

import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createNativeStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/native-stack';


//FontAwesome
import { library } from '@fortawesome/fontawesome-svg-core'
import { fab, } from '@fortawesome/free-brands-svg-icons'
import { faCheckSquare, faCoffee, faFilter, faSearch,  } from '@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons'
import { FontAwesomeIcon } from '@fortawesome/react-native-fontawesome'
import Icon  from "react-native-vector-icons/FontAwesome5";

import MyTabs from './swipepage'

library.add(fab, faCheckSquare, faCoffee, faFilter, faSearch,);


const window = useWindowDimensions();
const Stack = createNativeStackNavigator();

function App() {
  return ( ....
)}

Answer 15

In my NextJs app, I got the same issue. In my case, I think it was a cache-related issue. Run the project after removing the ".next" folder fixed the issue. I hope removing the build folder in React will do the same.

Answer 16

In my case, I was trying to use mdbreact on windows. Though it installed, But i was getting the above error. I had to reinstall it and everything was ok. It happened to me once two with antd Library

Answer 17

This error can also occur if you're using mobx, and your functional component is wrapped in the mobx observer function. If this is the case, make sure you are using mobx-react version 6.0.0 or higher. Older versions will convert your functional component to a class under the covers and all hooks will fail with this error.

See answer here: React Hooks Mobx: invalid hook call. Hooks can only be called inside of the body of a function component

Answer 18

in my case I removed package-lock.json and node_modules from both projects and re-install again, and now works just fine.

// project structure


root project
- package-lock.json
- package.json // all dependencies are installed here
- node_modules

-- second project
-- package-lock.json
-- package.json 
  "dependencies": {
    "react": "file:../node_modules/react",
    "react-dom": "file:../node_modules/react-dom",
    "react-scripts": "file:../node_modules/react-scripts"
  },
-- node_modules

Not sure what caused the issue in the first place, as this happened to me before and did same steps as above, and issue was resolved.

Answer 19

Be aware of import issues- For me the error was about failing imports / auto imports on components and child components. Had nothing to do with Functional classes vs Class components.

• This is prone to happen as VS code auto importing can specify paths that are not working.
• if import { MyComponent } is used and export default used in the component the import should say import MyComponent
• If some Components use index.js inside their folder, as a shotcut for the path, and others not the imports might break. Here again the auto import can cause problems as it merges all components from same folder like this {TextComponent, ButtonComponent, ListComponent} from '../../common'

Try to comment out some components in the file that gives the error and you can test if this is the problem.

Answer 20

In my case, the issues was I had cd'd into the wrong directory to do my npm installs. I just re-installed the libraries in the correct directory and it worked fine!

Answer 21

I ran into a similar issue, however my situation was a bit of an edge case.

The accepted answer should work for most people, but for anyone else using react hooks in existing react code that uses Radium, note that hooks won't work without workarounds if you use radium.

In my case, i was exporting my component like so:

// This is pseudocode

const MyComponent = props => {
  const [hookValue, setHookValue] = useState(0);
  return (
    // Use the hook here somehow
  )
}

export default Radium(MyComponent)

Removing that Radium wrapper from the export fixed my issue. If you need to use Radium, resorting to class components and their lifecycle functions may be an easier solution.

Hopefully this helps out at least just one other person.

Answer 22

If your front-end work is in its own folder you might need to install @material-ui/core @material-ui/icons inside that folder, not in the backend folder.

npm i @material-ui/core @material-ui/icons

Answer 23

In my case, I was using navigation in App.js where I have Stack Navigator & assigning all my screens. Please remove below line if you have that.

const navigation = useNavigation()

Answer 24

There are many reasons for this to happen. One of which is , when the installation of the packages are done out of scope. It tends to get confused between two react apps.

Explanation:

The packages shouldn't be installed in different levels.

The mistake

app
 |node_modules          <-- some packages installed here
 |package.json
node_modules
package.json            <-- some packages installed here

Correct Way

app
 |node_modules
 |package.json          <-- install all the packages at the same heirarchy

Answer 25

If all the above doesn't work, especially if having big size dependency (like my case), both building and loading were taking a minimum of 15 seconds, so it seems the delay gave a false message "Invalid hook call." So what you can do is give some time to ensure the build is completed before testing.

Answer 26

Caught this error: found solution.

For some reason, there were 2 onClick attributes on my tag. Be careful with using your or somebodies' custom components, maybe some of them already have onClick attribute.

Answer 27

happens also when you use a dependency without installing it. happen to me when i called MenuIcon from '@material-ui/icons/' when was missing in the project.

Answer 28

Here's what fixed it for me. I had the folder node_modules and the files package.json and package-lock.json in my components folder as well as on the root of my project where it belongs. I deleted them from where they don't belong. Don't ask me what I did to put them there, I must have done an npm something from the wrong location.

Answer 29

In my case, changes I've done in package-json cause to problem.

npm install react-redux

fix that

Answer 30

If you're using react-router-dom, make sure to call useHistory() inside the hook.

Answer 31

You may check your Routes. If you are using render instead of component in Route(<Route path="/testpath" render = {(props)=><Test {...props} />} />) so you properly called your component in an arrow function passing proper props to that.

Answer 32

I ran into this same issue while working on a custom node_module and using npm link for testing within a cra (create react app).

I discovered that in my custom node package, I had to add a peerDependencies

"peerDependencies": {
    "@types/react": "^16.8.6 || ^17.0.0",
    "react": "^17.0.0",
    "react-dom": "^17.0.0"
  },

After added that into my package.json, I then re-built my custom package. Then in the CRA, I blew away node_modules, re npm install, Re-do the npm link <package>, and then start the project.

Fixed everything!

Answer 33

with NPM npm install react@latest react-dom@latest with YARN yarn add react@latest react-dom@latest

Answer 34

Happens to me when I used to call useNavigate() on a certain function upon onClick.

Answer 35

To anybody who might looking for a FAST solution to this issue :

You might be breaking the Rules of Hooks. To Solve this Problem move the :

const [x, setX] = useState(0);

to the TOP-LEVEL of the function that calling it And not outside of the function.

function App() {
   const [t, setTime] = useState("");

   return (
      <div>
         <h1>{t}</h1>
         <button onClick={() => setTime(t+1)}>Get Time</button>
      </div>
 );
}

https://reactjs.org/warnings/invalid-hook-call-warning.html

Answer 36

My error was with the export at the end, I had the following:

I should have removed the brackets:

Answer 37

I got this error when I linked a local library. The following solved my problem.

1. In the library:

• remove "react" and "react-dom" from dependancies and added them to peerDependencies.
• install dependencies, build

2. Restart the main project.

Answer 38

Another reason this error could happen is if you have declared your functional components with an arrow function signature instead of a function signature.

Ex: Change your functional component declaration from an arrow function

export const Counter = (props) => {}

TO function declaration

export function Counter (props) {}

And that will help resolve the issue. At least in my case, it did.

Answer 39

I had same problem while I use useLocation hook in class component

Error:

import React from "react";
import { useLocation } from "react-router-dom";

class ShowTheLocation extends React.Component {
  const location = useLocation();
  render() {
    return <div>You are now at {location.pathname}</div>;
  }
}

Solution: I have converted class component to function component then issue resolved

import React from "react";
import { useLocation } from "react-router-dom";

const ShowTheLocation = () => {
  const location = useLocation();

  return <div>You are now at {location.pathname}</div>;
}

Answer 40

Bad:

import { useDispatch } from 'react';

Good:

import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux';

I remember It happened to me once that I imported useDispatch from ‘react’ as opposed to import it from ‘react-redux’ It was very difficult to figure out, because code seamed right from every angle, I just could not guess it for hours lol

Answer 41

I'm using Electron. I tested all the answers above, even stripping down to the base app, and found it was still happening.

Turns out if you are using electron (specifically expo-electron, in my case), it has it's own webpack configuration, and you need to white-list redux in the webpack config. My electron-webpack.js file looks like this:

const { withExpoAdapter } = require("@expo/electron-adapter");

// Provide any overrides for electron-webpack: https://github.com/electron-userland/electron-webpack/blob/master/docs/en/configuration.md
module.exports = withExpoAdapter({
  projectRoot: __dirname,
  whiteListedModules: ["react-redux"],
});

Answer 42

For me this issue was caused by the webpack setting resolve.symlinks (https://webpack.js.org/configuration/resolve/#resolvesymlinks), which was set to false:

  resolve: {
    symlinks: false,

Because of this the symlink to React from another package couldn't be resolved and caused the Invalid Hook Call error.

Setting it to true or simply omitting it (apparently it defaults to true) solved the problem:

  resolve: {
    symlinks: true,

Answer 43

I had the same issue, and it got resolved after editing launch.json file for vscode and changing the configurations type by removing 'pwa-' from the type:

So, instead of:

"type": "pwa-node",

It should be:

"type": "node",

Answer 44

In my case, it's come from the Chrome Extension: Loom. But it can come from any extension written via React. Crazy world, isn't it? Just disable the extension resolves the error.

Answer 45

In mycase i have used useCallback hook inside class component due to this i had a error mentioned in the question

Error:

import React, { useCallback } from 'react'
import { FormControlLabel, Switch, withStyles } from '@material-ui/core'


const styles = {
    root: {
        alignItems: 'center',
        display: 'flex',
        height: '50px',
        justifyContent: 'center',
        padding: 0,
        width: '90px',
    },
    switchBase: {
        '& + $track': {
            backgroundColor: 'lightblue',
        },
        '&$checked': {
            color: 'lightblue',
            transform: 'translateX(40px)',
        },
    },
    thumb: {
        borderRadius: '0px',
        height: '15px',
        marginTop: '8px',
        transform: 'translateX(19px)',
        width: '15px',
    },
    track: {
        borderRadius: '0px',
        height: '20px',
        width: '40px',
    },
}

class SwitchLabels extends React.Component {
    state = {
        checked: false,
    }

    handleChange = React.usecallback(event => { // here i have used useCallback hook
        this.props.changeStatus(event.target.checked)
        this.setState({ checked: event.target.checked })
    }, [])

    render() {
        return (
            <FormControlLabel
                control={
                    <Switch
                        classes={this.props.classes}
                        checked={this.state.checked}
                        onChange={this.handleChange}
                        disableElevation
                        disableRipple
                        style={{ backgroundColor: 'transparent' }}
                        value={this.state.checked}
                        color='primary'
                    />
                }
                labelPlacement='start'
                label={'Show inactive'}
            />
        )
    }
}

export default withStyles(styles)(SwitchLabels)

Solution:

import React from 'react'
import { FormControlLabel, Switch, withStyles } from '@material-ui/core'


const styles = {
    root: {
        alignItems: 'center',
        display: 'flex',
        height: '50px',
        justifyContent: 'center',
        padding: 0,
        width: '90px',
    },
    switchBase: {
        '& + $track': {
            backgroundColor: 'lightblue',
        },
        '&$checked': {
            color: 'lightblue',
            transform: 'translateX(40px)',
        },
    },
    thumb: {
        borderRadius: '0px',
        height: '15px',
        marginTop: '8px',
        transform: 'translateX(19px)',
        width: '15px',
    },
    track: {
        borderRadius: '0px',
        height: '20px',
        width: '40px',
    },
}

class SwitchLabels extends React.Component {
    state = {
        checked: false,
    }

    handleChange = event => { // after removing useCallback working fine
        this.props.changeStatus(event.target.checked)
        this.setState({ checked: event.target.checked })
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <FormControlLabel
                control={
                    <Switch
                        classes={this.props.classes}
                        checked={this.state.checked}
                        onChange={this.handleChange}
                        disableElevation
                        disableRipple
                        style={{ backgroundColor: 'transparent' }}
                        value={this.state.checked}
                        color='primary'
                    />
                }
                labelPlacement='start'
                label={'Show inactive'}
            />
        )
    }
}

export default withStyles(styles)(SwitchLabels)

Answer 46

This occured for me when improperly destructuring the response from an axios.get server call. I changed:

const { retrievedUser } = await axios.get('www.mysite.com/user/userid')

to:

const { data: retrievedUser } = await axios.get('www.mysite.com/user/userid')

Answer 47

This might also occur because your hook is called below any asynchronous or nested functions. You need to move the hook to the top level of the function body.

In your case, it looks like you're using a hook for class component. Consider changing the class component to a function component and then using the hook inside the top-level of the function component.

Answer 48

For those who have a Monorepo setup (whether it's multiple React projects or a combination of React and React Native):

I encountered an error after updating my React Native project to RN 70 and React 18 while executing the app via the Metro bundler:

1- Ensure a unified version of react, react-dom, and react-redux is used across all packages.

2- (ignore if you don't have a react native package) Verify that both react and react-redux aren't hoisted for the mobile (React Native package). This means both packages should be present in the node_modules directory of the mobile package. Learn more about nohoist here.

A useful tip:

yarn why react

This command displays which packages have react as a dependency. Additionally:

yarn list react

This command presents the versions of react in your project. Ideally, there should only be one version.

The same applies for react-redux and react-thunk.

Answer 49

My case.... SOLUTION in HOOKS

const [cep, setCep] = useState('');
const mounted = useRef(false);

useEffect(() => {
    if (mounted.current) {
        fetchAPI();
      } else {
        mounted.current = true;
      }
}, [cep]);

const setParams = (_cep) => {
    if (cep !== _cep || cep === '') {
        setCep(_cep);
    }
};

Answer 50

I meet this question, my error reason is that I development project A and I link a other project B to A, but A has React package and B also has React package, they are the same version(16.13). but this cause the question, I set file means webpack.config.js, like this:

alias: {
  'react': path.join(path.resolve(__dirname), '../node_modules/react'),
},

set B React package resolve to A React package，I guess reason is that a project can not has two or more React package, even if they are the same versions. but I can not verify my guess.

Answer 51

When you face this issue you just need to reinstall this "npm install react-bootstrap@next bootstrap@5.1.0" then your error will be resolve.