How to find and replace string?

Question

If s is a std::string, then is there a function like the following?

s.replace("text to replace", "new text");

Answer 1

Replace first match

Use std::string::find to find the first occurrence of the string toReplace.
Use std::string::replace to replace that occurrence with the string replaceWith.

This function does that:

void replace_first(
    std::string& s,
    std::string const& toReplace,
    std::string const& replaceWith
) {
    std::size_t pos = s.find(toReplace);
    if (pos == std::string::npos) return;
    s.replace(pos, toReplace.length(), replaceWith);
}

Usage:

replace_first(s, "text to replace", "new text");

Demo.

---

Replace all matches

Define this O(n) method using std::string as a buffer:

void replace_all(
    std::string& s,
    std::string const& toReplace,
    std::string const& replaceWith
) {
    std::string buf;
    std::size_t pos = 0;
    std::size_t prevPos;

    // Reserves rough estimate of final size of string.
    buf.reserve(s.size());

    while (true) {
        prevPos = pos;
        pos = s.find(toReplace, pos);
        if (pos == std::string::npos)
            break;
        buf.append(s, prevPos, pos - prevPos);
        buf += replaceWith;
        pos += toReplace.size();
    }

    buf.append(s, prevPos, s.size() - prevPos);
    s.swap(buf);
}

Usage:

replace_all(s, "text to replace", "new text");

Demo.

---

Boost

Alternatively, use boost::algorithm::replace_all:

#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
using boost::replace_all;

Usage:

replace_all(s, "text to replace", "new text");

Answer 2

Do we really need a Boost library for seemingly such a simple task?

To replace all occurences of a substring use this function:

std::string ReplaceString(std::string subject, const std::string& search,
                          const std::string& replace) {
    size_t pos = 0;
    while ((pos = subject.find(search, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
         subject.replace(pos, search.length(), replace);
         pos += replace.length();
    }
    return subject;
}

If you need performance, here is an optimized function that modifies the input string, it does not create a copy of the string:

void ReplaceStringInPlace(std::string& subject, const std::string& search,
                          const std::string& replace) {
    size_t pos = 0;
    while ((pos = subject.find(search, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
         subject.replace(pos, search.length(), replace);
         pos += replace.length();
    }
}

Tests:

std::string input = "abc abc def";
std::cout << "Input string: " << input << std::endl;

std::cout << "ReplaceString() return value: " 
          << ReplaceString(input, "bc", "!!") << std::endl;
std::cout << "ReplaceString() input string not modified: " 
          << input << std::endl;

ReplaceStringInPlace(input, "bc", "??");
std::cout << "ReplaceStringInPlace() input string modified: " 
          << input << std::endl;

Output:

Input string: abc abc def
ReplaceString() return value: a!! a!! def
ReplaceString() input string not modified: abc abc def
ReplaceStringInPlace() input string modified: a?? a?? def

Answer 3

Yes: replace_all is one of the boost string algorithms:

Although it's not a standard library, it has a few things on the standard library:

1. More natural notation based on ranges rather than iterator pairs. This is nice because you can nest string manipulations (e.g., replace_all nested inside a trim). That's a bit more involved for the standard library functions.
2. Completeness. This isn't hard to be 'better' at; the standard library is fairly spartan. For example, the boost string algorithms give you explicit control over how string manipulations are performed (i.e., in place or through a copy).

Answer 4

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
    string str("one three two four");
    string str2("three");
    str.replace(str.find(str2),str2.length(),"five");
    cout << str << endl;
    return 0;
}

Output

one five two four

Answer 5

like some say boost::replace_all

here a dummy example:

    #include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>

    std::string path("file.gz");
    boost::replace_all(path, ".gz", ".zip");

Answer 6

Not exactly that, but std::string has many replace overloaded functions.

Go through this link to see explanation of each, with examples as to how they're used.

Also, there are several versions of string::find functions (listed below) which you can use in conjunction with string::replace.

• find
• rfind
• find_first_of
• find_last_of
• find_first_not_of
• find_last_not_of

---

Also, note that there are several versions of replace functions available from <algorithm> which you can also use (instead of string::replace):

• replace
• replace_if
• replace_copy
• replace_copy_if

Answer 7

// replaced text will be in buffer.
void Replace(char* buffer, const char* source, const char* oldStr,  const char* newStr)
{
    if(buffer==NULL || source == NULL || oldStr == NULL || newStr == NULL) return; 

    int slen = strlen(source);
    int olen = strlen(oldStr);
    int nlen = strlen(newStr);

    if(olen>slen) return;
    int ix=0;

    for(int i=0;i<slen;i++)
    {
        if(oldStr[0] == source[i])
        {
            bool found = true;
            for(int j=1;j<olen;j++)
            {
                if(source[i+j]!=oldStr[j])
                {
                    found = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if(found)
            {
                for(int j=0;j<nlen;j++)
                    buffer[ix++] = newStr[j];

                i+=(olen-1);
            }
            else
            {
                buffer[ix++] = source[i];
            }
        }
        else
        {
            buffer[ix++] = source[i];
        }
    }
}

Answer 8

Here's the version I ended up writing that replaces all instances of the target string in a given string. Works on any string type.

template <typename T, typename U>
T &replace (
          T &str, 
    const U &from, 
    const U &to)
{
    size_t pos;
    size_t offset = 0;
    const size_t increment = to.size();

    while ((pos = str.find(from, offset)) != T::npos)
    {
        str.replace(pos, from.size(), to);
        offset = pos + increment;
    }

    return str;
}

Example:

auto foo = "this is a test"s;
replace(foo, "is"s, "wis"s);
cout << foo;

Output:

thwis wis a test

Note that even if the search string appears in the replacement string, this works correctly.

Answer 9

void replace(char *str, char *strFnd, char *strRep)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++)
    {
        int npos = -1, j, k;
        if (str[i] == strFnd[0])
        {
            for (j = 1, k = i+1; j < strlen(strFnd); j++)
                if (str[k++] != strFnd[j])
                    break;
            npos = i;
        }
        if (npos != -1)
            for (j = 0, k = npos; j < strlen(strRep); j++)
                str[k++] = strRep[j];
    }

}

int main()
{
    char pst1[] = "There is a wrong message";
    char pfnd[] = "wrong";
    char prep[] = "right";

    cout << "\nintial:" << pst1;

    replace(pst1, pfnd, prep);

    cout << "\nfinal : " << pst1;
    return 0;
}

Answer 10

void replaceAll(std::string & data, const std::string &toSearch, const std::string &replaceStr)
{
    // Get the first occurrence
    size_t pos = data.find(toSearch);
    // Repeat till end is reached
    while( pos != std::string::npos)
    {
        // Replace this occurrence of Sub String
        data.replace(pos, toSearch.size(), replaceStr);
        // Get the next occurrence from the current position
        pos =data.find(toSearch, pos + replaceStr.size());
    }
}

More CPP utilities: https://github.com/Heyshubham/CPP-Utitlities/blob/master/src/MEString.cpp#L60

Answer 11

is there a function like the following?

One other(in addition to using boost and other methods given in different answers) possible way of doing this is using std::regex_replace as shown below:

    std::string s{"my name is my name and not my name mysometext myto"}; //this is the original line
    
    std::string replaceThis = "my";
    std::string replaceWith = "your";
    
    std::regex pattern("\\b" + replaceThis + "\\b");
    
    std::string replacedLine = std::regex_replace(s, pattern, replaceWith);

    std::cout<<replacedLine<<std::endl;