Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard defines formats for storing and communicating medical images. Non-programming specific questions about DICOM are off-topic for Stack Overflow. For questions related to a specific tool-kit, use a more specific tag in addition to, or instead of, this tag.
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard defines formats for storing and communicating medical images. It's used to enable interoperability between applications from multiple manufacturers which store or communicate medical images.
Further details can be found at the DICOM Wikipedia page or DICOM Homepage.