Fractions, or "fractional numbers" (lit. "broken numbers"), or "rational numbers", are numbers expressed as the ratio of two integers, such as 1/2 or 23/17.
In computing and programming, fractional (or "rational") numbers are an alternative to floating point numbers: Since numerator and denominator are stored as integers, the representation is exact, as opposed to most floating point implementations, which cannot represent most rational numbers exactly. Arbitrary-precision ("bignum") libraries usually contain support for rational numbers.